2009年至2021年我国9省份发热呼吸道症候群病例中人偏肺病毒感染情况及流行特征分析

Viral infection and epidemiological characteristics of human metapneumovirus in febrile respiratory syndrome cases in nine provinces in China from 2009 to 2021

目的阐明我国发热呼吸道症候群(FRS)监测病例中人偏肺病毒(HMPV)感染情况及病毒流行特征,为我国HMPV引起呼吸道相关疾病的临床诊治和疾病防控提供重要基线数据。方法选取2009年1月至2021年6月在我国9省份(北京、河北、吉林、山东、陕西、新疆、安徽、广东、湖南)的FRS监测病例作为研究对象。收集病例临床、流行病学信息并采集呼吸道标本,应用实时荧光定量PCR对样本进行HMPV核酸检测。结果共11660例样本进行了HMPV检测,HMPV阳性病例数为296例,阳性检出率为2.54%。其中218例病例为单一HMPV感染,78例病例同时检出了含HMPV 2种或2种以上病毒,占HMPV阳性病例数的26.35%。<5岁儿童是HMPV主要发病人群,检出率为3.10%。在<5岁儿童中,含HMPV混合感染中肺炎病例的比例高于单一HMPV感染病例。HMPV全年均可检出,病毒流行主要以冬、春季为主,3月份是HMPV流行高峰。结论HMPV是引起儿童急性呼吸道感染的重要病原之一,病毒流行具有明显的季节性。HMPV可引起单独感染,也可与其他呼吸道病毒合并感染,合并HMPV感染可能增加儿童肺炎的风险。

Objective To clarify the infection and epidemic characteristics of the human metapneumovirus(HMPV)in Chinese patients with febrile respiratory syndrome(FRS),and to provide important baseline data for clinical diagnosis,treatment,prevention and control of HMPV-induced respiratory tract diseases in China.Methods FRS cases from January 2009 to June 2021 in 9 provinces in China,including Beijing,Hebei,Jilin,Shandong,Shaanxi,Xinjiang,Anhui,Guangdong,Hunan were retrospectively analyzed for their respiratory samples,clinical and epidemic data.The respiratory samples were detected for HMPV by quantitative real-time PCR.Results A total of 11660 cases were tested for HMPV,involving 296(2.54%)HMPV-positive cases.Among 296 HMPV-positive cases,218 were single HMPV infection,and 78/296(26.35%)were co-infected with one or more respiratory viruses.HMPV mainly affected children under 5 years of age(3.10%),and in this population,the proportion of pneumonia in HMPV co-infection cases was significantly higher than that of single HMPV infection.HMPV could be detected all year round,which was more popular in winter and spring,with the peak of HMPV epidemic in March.Conclusions HMPV is one of the important pathogens causing acute respiratory infection in children,showing a clear seasonal epidemic.HMPV can be infected alone or in combination with other respiratory viruses,which may increase the risk of pneumonia in children.