事件、停顿与残酷:论拉库-拉巴特与海德格尔的对话

Event,Caesura and Cruelty:On the Dialogue between Lacoue-Labarthe and Heidegger

2020年的新冠病毒流行事件,形成了历史封闭的危险与打开的机遇并存的局面,这一情境与拉库-拉巴特意义上的“历史停顿”十分相似。“事件”带来的“停顿”具有形而上学的“残酷”内涵,这与西方的技艺理念对“直接性”与无限的渴求、对摹仿手段的依赖相关。拉库-拉巴特将奥斯维辛事件解释为“停顿”,批评海德格尔的事件论述回避了真正的事件。残酷事件在根本上是渴望直接性所致的错误,它以停顿的方式提醒人类的有限性命运。在此视野下,对“残酷”及其哲学诱因“直接性”的反思表达着对审慎自制的生活之祈盼。通过阐述、反思拉库-拉巴特的“停顿”思想可以发现其依然强大的阐释力和尚未补足的缺陷,从而获得一种接近历史性当下的视角。

The 2020 virus pandemic event brought world history into an situation where danger and opportunities of historical closure and open coexist,which is very similar to the historical caesura in Lacoue-Labarthe’s sense.The caesura brought about by the event has a cruel metaphysical connotation,which is related to the Western concept techne’s desire for "immediacy" and infinite,and reliance on imitation methods.Lacoue-Labarthe interprets Auschwitz as a "caesura" and criticizes Heidegger’s account of Ereignis for avoiding the real Event.Cruel events are fundamentally wrongs caused by the desire for immediacy,and they remind mankind of the fate of finitude by way of caesura.In this view,the reflection on "cruelty" and its philosophical inducement "immediacy" expresses the hope for a prudent and self-controlled life.By elaborating and reflecting on Lacoue-Labarthe’s "caesura",it is possible to discover its still powerful explanatory power and unfilled shortcomings,thereby obtaining a perspective close to the historical present.