新冠肺炎疫情相关政策扩散特征与主题挖掘研究

Research on the Characteristics and Themes of Policy Diffusion Related to COVID-19

[目的/意义]新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,我国政府出台的各类政策在疫情防控、国家调整等方面发挥着重要作用,本文通过研究新冠肺炎疫情相关政策的扩散特征和热点主题,从时间和内容两个方面探寻重大公共卫生事件下,政府政策的扩散机制和主题特点,为智库等相关研究机构研究突发事件的相关政策及其时间分布与内容主题的扩散特征提供借鉴和参考。[方法/过程]本文结合政策扩散和主题挖掘理论与方法,对2020年495条政府机构颁布的新冠肺炎疫情有关政策按照政策类型进行分类,采用时间维度研究法、主题词抽取法和社会网络分析法进行扩散特征分析,并挖掘热点主题。[结果/结论]政府颁布的疫情防控政策可分为法律法规、经济调控和文化活动三类,这三类政策从中央到省市级扩散的时间变化呈现明显的先波动后稳定的特征,体现了国家对新冠肺炎疫情的重视和政策调控的高效性。三类政策的中心主题一致,且在政策扩散过程中得到了较好的传递,三类政策主题继承、创新程度存在差异,政策主题均存在着密切关联。

[Purpose/significance]During the outbreak of COVID-19,various policies promulgated by the Chinese government played an important role in the prevention and control of epidemic situation,adjustment and recovery.In this paper,we study the diffusion characteristics and content themes of this stage policy,summarize the theme and characteristics of the epidemic related policies,and explore the diffusion mechanism and theme characteristics of government policies under major public health events from the two aspects of time and content,so as to provide reference and reference for relevant research institutions such as think tanks to study emergency related policies,as well as their time distribution and content theme diffusion characteristics.[Method/Process]Combining the theory and methods of policy diffusion and topic mining,this paper classifies the policies according to the types,uses time dimension research method,keyword extraction analysis method and social network analysis method to conduct diffusion research and theme analysis on 495 policies issued by central,provincial and municipal government agencies in COVID-19 period in 2020,and obtains the diffusion characteristics,theme analysis of policies in this period.[Result/Conclusion]During the period of COVID-19,the policies promulgated by our government were mainly three types:laws with regulations,economic development and cultural activities.The time changes of these three types of policies from central level to provincial level showed obvious changes of waving firstly and then stabilizing.This reflects the importance of high efficiency of policy regulation in the state of the three policies.The central themes of these three policies’ types are consistent,and they are well inherited in the process of policy transmission.There are differences in the degree of inheritance and innovation of policy themes,and there are close relationships between the types and levels of policy themes as well.