鞍山市303例肾综合征出血热病例流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of 303 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Anshan City

目的分析2013—2020年鞍山市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)新发病例的流行病学特征,为制订有效的防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用现场问卷调查方法,对2013—2020年鞍山市HFRS新发病例进行流行学调查,调查内容包括基本情况、发病情况、症状体征、既往史及家庭情况、接触史及有关因素等。结果共调查2013—2020年鞍山市HFRS新发病例303例。发病以40~69岁年龄组发病为主(70.96%);发病日期与就诊日期时间间隔中位数为4 d;临床分型以轻型为主(80.53%);房内有鼠的为145例(47.85%);发病前1个月工作场所有鼠或鼠排泄物的为203例(67.00%);99.67%的HFRS患者未接种过出血热疫苗。结论应加强对基层医生HFRS早期典型及不典型症状识别的培训,开展灭鼠工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of new cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)in Anshan City from 2013 to 2020,and to provide scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods A field questionnaire survey was conducted on new cases of HFRS in Anshan City from 2013 to 2020,which included basic information,incidence,symptoms and signs,past and family history,contact history and related factors.Results A total of 303 new cases of HFRS in Anshan City from 2013 to 2020 were investigated.The incidence was mainly in the age group of 40-69 years old(70.96%),the median time interval between the date of onset and the date of treatment was 4 days,the main clinical type was mild(80.53%).145 cases(47.85%)had rodents in the room.Rodents or their excreta were found in the workplace of 203 cases(67.00%)one month before the onset of the disease.99.67%of HFRS patients were not vaccinated with HFRS vaccine.Conclusion It is essential to strengthen training grass-roots doctors to learn early typical and atypical symptoms identification of HFRS,and carry out rodent control.