薄壁圆管轴向压溃特性仿真分析与理论预测

Simulation analysis and theoretical prediction of axial crushing characteristics of thin-walled circular tubes

通过数值模拟研究了一种轴向变厚度新型薄壁圆管在准静态轴向压溃工况下的耐撞特性,并建立了其在此种工况下的平均压溃力计算公式。对所建立的有限元模型进行了验证,通过改变实验所用材料的屈服强度建立了6061铝合金在不同热处理工艺下的两种材料模型,并以此建立了轴向变厚度变材料双变属性薄壁圆管的有限元分析模型,根据仿真结果发现,双变属性圆管在不提高管体质量的情况下比能量吸收提高了4%。基于已提出的简单薄壁圆管理论压溃模型推导出了双变属性圆管的理论平均压溃力预测公式,结果表明,仿真分析结果与理论预测结果的相对误差在5%以内。

The crashworthiness of a new type thin-walled circular tube with axial variable thickness under the working condition of axial quasi-static crushing was studied by numerical simulation, and its mean crushing force calculation formula under this working condition was established. The established finite element model was verified. Two models of 6061 aluminum alloy under different heat treatment processes were established by changing the yield strength of the materials used for experiment, and the finite element analysis model of dual variable properties circular tube with axial variable thicknesses and variable materials was established. According to the simulation results, it is found that the specific energy absorption of the dual variable properties circular tube is increased by 4% without improving the mass of tube body. The theoretical mean crushing force prediction formula of dual variable properties circular tube was derived based on the proposed theoretical crushing model of simple thin-walled circular tube. The results show that the relative error between the simulation analysis results and the theoretical prediction results is within 5%.