钢铁工业炼铁工序绿色低碳技术浅析

An analysis on green low carbon technology of ironmaking process in the steel industry

目前国内钢铁工业烟气中SO_(2)、NO_(x)等有害气体的源头控制和末端治理技术成熟,特别是焦化、烧结和球团等工序已实现超低排放。而在全球脱碳大潮的背景下,以减少碳足迹、降低碳排放为中心的温室气体控制成为新常态,钢铁冶金工艺革新与前沿技术研发成为传统钢铁产业转型升级新趋势。以氢代碳是未来低碳技术、能源变革的重要方向。基于工艺成熟的气基竖炉,富氢或纯氢气基竖炉直接还原是国内应全力发展的非高炉炼铁技术。与此同时,立足主流的烧结—高炉长流程冶炼工艺,布局发展以灰氢、蓝氢、绿氢为燃料的富氢低碳技术是实现钢铁工业绿色可持续发展的关键。

At present,the source control and end-of-pipe treatment technologies of SO_(2),NO_(x) and other harmful gases in the flue gas of domestic iron and steel industry are mature,especially the processes of coking,sintering and pelletizing have achieved ultra-low emissions.In the context of global decarbonization,greenhouse gas control centered on carbon footprint reduction and carbon emission reduction has become the new normal,and innovation of iron and steel metallurgy technology and cutting-edge technology R&D have become the new trend of transformation and upgrading of traditional steel industry.Hydrogen instead of carbon is an important direction for future low carbon technology and energy change.Based on the mature gas-based shaft furnace,the direct reduction of hydrogen-rich or pure hydrogen gas-based shaft furnace is the non-blast furnace ironmaking technology that should be fully developed in China.Meanwhile,based on the mainstream sintering-blast furnace long-process smelting process,the layout development of hydrogen-rich low-carbon technology fueled by gray hydrogen,blue hydrogen and green hydrogen is the key to realize green and sustainable development of steel industry.