不同比例缓释肥、烟草专用复合肥配施对植烟土壤肥力及烤烟产质量的影响

Combined Application of Different Proportions of Slow-release Fertilizer and Compound Fertilizer for Tobacco:Effects on Soil Fertility and Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

为探究不同比例缓释肥、烟草专用复合肥配施对植烟土壤肥力及烤烟产质量的影响,在宣威市热水镇植烟区设置了5种不同肥料配比组合和对照,对植烟土壤及烤后烟叶进行取样分析。结果表明:不同比例缓释肥配施烟草专用复合肥使土壤综合肥力指数(IFI)相较于CK(单施烟草专用复合肥)提高了12.50%~23.21%,以60%~100%缓释肥等比替代复合肥(T3、T4、T5)表现最优。从烤烟综合品质来看,不同比例缓释肥替代烟草专用复合肥使烤烟综合品质平均得分相较于CK提高了0.19%~6.64%,其中以80%缓释肥替代复合肥处理(T4)表现最优。烤后烟叶经济效益也以T4最优,公顷产值达到59995.80元,高于对照和其他处理。综上所述,缓释肥和复合肥比例为80%:20%,能较好的提高烟叶综合品质,烤后烟叶能获得较好的经济效益,并在一定程度上改善土壤养分结构。

To explore the effects of different proportions of slow-release fertilizers applied with tobacco specific compound fertilizers on tobacco-growing soil fertility and flue-cured tobacco yield and quality,a field test of five fertilizer combinations and CK were set up in the tobacco growing area of Reshui Town in Xuanwei City,and the soil and flue-cured tobacco leaves were sampled and analyzed.The results showed that the integrated fertility index(IFI)of the soil increased by 12.50%-23.21%under the five proportions of slowrelease fertilizer combined with the special compound fertilizer for tobacco,compared with that of CK(single application of special compound fertilizers for tobacco),and IFI of soil was the best by replacing the compound fertilizer with 60%-100%of slow-release fertilizer(T3,T4 and T5 treatment).From the perspective of comprehensive quality of flue-cured tobacco,the average score of comprehensive quality of flue-cured tobacco increased by 0.19%-6.64%compared with that of CK by using different proportions of slow-release fertilizer instead of tobacco specific compound fertilizer.Among them,T4 treatment of 80%slow-release fertilizer replacement for compound fertilizer showed the best performance.T4 treatment had the best economic benefit,and the output value reached 59995.80 yuan/hm^(2),which was higher than that of the control and other treatments.In conclusion,the ratio of slow-release fertilizer and compound fertilizer of 80%:20%could better improve the comprehensive quality of tobacco leaves,obtain good economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco leaves and improve the soil nutrient structure to a certain extent.