有机肥替代化肥对茄子产量、品质和土壤肥力的影响

Partial Replacement of Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer:Effects on Eggplant Yield,Quality and Soil Fertility

为减少化肥的过量施用导致的蔬菜品质下降、肥料利用率降低等问题,探讨宿城温室茄子合理的有机肥替代氮肥比例和有机肥种类,研究有机肥替代部分氮肥对温室茄子产量、品质和土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,有机肥替代40%氮肥优于有机肥替代30%氮肥,较常规施肥产量增加了5.17%,氮肥利用率提高了10.49%。有机肥替代40%氮肥,与常规施肥相比,可溶性糖含量增加9.09%,Vc含量增加12.31%,硝酸盐含量减少7.09%,土壤有机质含量增加17.06%,土壤pH降低2.92%。表明减施氮肥、增施有机肥是提高温室茄子产量、改善品质、土壤肥力的有效途径,百可农有机肥适宜提升土壤肥力,沃绿宝有机肥适宜提升茄子品质。

The excessive application of chemical fertilizer can degrade vegetable quality and reduce fertilizer utilization rate,so we investigated the appropriate replacement ratio of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer and the suitable kinds of organic fertilizers in Sucheng,and studied the effects of partial replacement of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer on eggplant yield,quality and soil fertility.The results showed that 40%of chemical fertilizer replacement with organic fertilizer was better than 30%replacement.Compared with the conventional fertilization,the yield of organic fertilizer replacement was increased by 5.17%,the nitrogen use efficiency was increased by 10.49%,the eggplant soluble sugar content was increased by 9.09%,Vc content was increased by 12.31%,nitrate content was decreased by 7.09%,soil organic matter content was increased by 17.06%,and alkaline soil pH decreased by 2.92%.The study suggests that reducing nitrogen fertilizer and increasing organic fertilizer are effective ways to improve eggplant yield,quality and soil fertility.Baikenong organic fertilizer is suitable for improving soil fertility,and Wolubao organic fertilizer is suitable for improving eggplant quality.