地面三维激光扫描技术在既有空间网架结构测绘中的应用

Application of Ground 3D Laser Scanning Technology in Surveying and Mapping for Space Grid Structure

空间网架结构具有空间刚度大、整体性和稳定性较好的特点,已广泛应用于多类建筑工程中。由于空间网架结构复杂,且通常未设置检修平台,对检测工作造成一定影响。应用地面三维激光扫描仪对既有空间网架结构进行检测,获取结构表面坐标信息,并完成内业绘图工作。在空间网架结构扫描过程中,应在保证点云密度满足实际工作需求的情况下,综合考虑扫描仪精度、被扫描杆件尺寸、作业有效范围等因素,合理选择扫描分辨率。综合利用内业点云处理软件与绘图软件,还原空间网架结构设计轴网尺寸、杆件分布及截面尺寸。采用点云数据拟合计算法,对现场放置的各类标准构件截面尺寸进行拟合计算,可满足测绘精度要求。实践表明,地面三维激光扫描技术具有作业安全、效率高、精度高等特点,可应用于大型空间网架结构检测评估。

The spatial grid structure has the characteristics of large spatial rigidity, integrity and stability, and has been widely used in many types of construction projects. Due to the complex structure of the space grid, and usually no maintenance platform is set, it has a certain impact on the inspection work. Through the application of the ground three-dimensional laser scanner to detect the existing space grid structure, obtain the surface coordinate information of the structure, and complete the internal drawing work. In the scanning process of the space grid structure, the scanning resolution should be selected reasonably while ensuring that the density of the point cloud meets the actual work requirements, taking into account factors such as the accuracy of the scanner, the size of the scanned member, and the effective range of the work. Comprehensive use of internal point cloud processing software and drawing software to restore the grid size, bar distribution and cross-sectional size of the spatial grid structure design. By adopting the point cloud data fitting calculation method, the fitting calculation of the cross-sectional dimensions of various standard components placed on site can meet the requirements of surveying and mapping accuracy. Practice has shown that the ground 3 D laser scanning technology has the characteristics of safe operation, high efficiency, and high precision, and can be applied to the inspection and evaluation of large-scale space grid structures.