超大尺度高分子复合材料3D打印技术研发与应用

Research and Application of 3D Printing Technology for Super Large-scale Polymer Composite Material

对适用于超大尺度3D打印的高分子复合材料、高速高精度打印装备及控制系统、拓扑优化、数字化打印工艺进行阐述。应用于建筑领域的高分子复合材料需具有高机械性能、高耐候性、高稳定性、高阻燃性,且应可回收利用,满足绿色环保要求。以树脂材料作为基材,以纤维为增强材料,采用原位反应加工技术,可研发适合于超大尺度构件增材制造的高分子复合材料。可通过控制环境温度、材料熔融温度、玻璃化温度、单层打印时间等打印工艺参数,解决打印构件由于迅速降温导致的翘曲及变形过大的问题。可借助三维扫描设备与温度场检测设备,从物理及化学层面对打印构件质量进行评定。

This paper describes polymer composite materials suitable for super large-scale 3 D printing, high-speed and high-precision printing equipment and control systems, topology optimization, and digital printing processes. The polymer composite materials used in the construction field need to have high mechanical properties, high weather resistance, high stability, high flame retardancy, and should be recyclable to meet the requirements of environmental protection. Using resin material as the base material, fiber as the reinforcing material, and adopting in-situ reaction processing technology, polymer composite materials suitable for the additive manufacturing of super large-scale components can be developed. By controlling the printing process parameters such as ambient temperature, material melting temperature, glass transition temperature, single-layer printing time, etc., the problem of excessive warpage and deformation of printed components caused by rapid cooling can be solved. With the aid of three-dimensional scanning equipment and temperature field detection equipment, the quality of printed components can be evaluated from the physical and chemical levels.