基于多事故模式的有毒易燃气体道路运输泄漏事故应急疏散范围研究

Research on Emergency Evacuation Scope of Toxic and Flammable Gas Leakage at Road Accidents Based on the Multi-accident Mode

为确定有毒易燃气体道路运输泄漏事故应急救援的应急疏散范围,降低人员伤亡程度,在对泄漏事故及后续次生灾害演化模式分析的基础上,提出了基于多事故模式的应急疏散范围综合确定方法,分析了多事故模式后果预测的相关理论,明确了应急疏散区域综合确定的步骤和流程。以道路运输氨气泄漏事故为例,采用MATLAB软件对不同时间下的中毒和蒸气云爆炸事故伤害范围分别进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明:相较于单一事故模式,基于多事故模式的应急疏散范围综合确定方法更为科学、合理和准确,能为有毒易燃气体道路运输泄漏事故的应急疏散提供更加精确和可靠的决策依据。

In order to accurately determine the emergency evacuation scope for emergency rescue of toxic and flammable gas leakage accidents in road transportation and reduce the degree of casualties,a comprehensive method for determining the scope of emergency evacuation was proposed based on the analysis of the evolution mode of leakage accidents and secondary disasters,the related theories for predicting the consequences of multi-mode accidents were analyzed,and the steps and procedures for comprehensively determining the emergency evacuation area were given.Taking the road transport ammonia leakage accident as an example,numerical simulation studies were carried out on the damage range of poisoning and vapor cloud explosion at different times by using MATLAB.The results showed that,compared with the single accident mode,the comprehensive determination method of emergency evacuation scope based on the multi-accident mode was more scientific,reasonable and accurate,and can provide a more accurate and reliable decision-making basis for the emergency evacuation of toxic and flammable gas leakage accidents.