民用飞机飞控系统传感器故障诊断研究综述

Review on Sensor Fault Diagnosis of Civil Aircraft Flight Control System

飞控系统中的各类传感器对飞机稳定与操纵起着至关重要的影响,是飞机的重要安全机载设备之一。传统冗余方法具有“安全性高,经济性低”的特点,通过多余度设计来提升系统的安全性给飞机的重量与结构设计、系统综合集成、维修与检测成本都带来了一定的难题。针对民用飞机飞控系统中各类传感器故障,介绍了典型机载飞控传感器的故障模式,以及对故障容错的设计考虑;阐述了近年来基于模型方法和基于信息方法在相关领域内的研究与应用情况;分析了传感器故障诊断当前面临的挑战和未来发展方向,阐明了先进故障诊断方法在飞控系统中应用的巨大潜力。

Various sensors in flight control system play a vital role in stability and control of the aircraft,and are critical for the safety of aircraft.The conventional redundancy method has the characteristics of “high safety and low cost-efficiency”.Improving the safety of the system through redundancy design has brought some problems on the aircraft weight and structural design,system integration,maintenance and inspection costs.Aiming at various sensor failures in civil aircraft flight control systems,the typical failure mode is introduced,as well as the design considerations on failure tolerance.The research and application of model based methods and information based methods in related fields are elaborated.Finally,the present challenges and future developments of sensor fault diagnosis are analyzed,and the great potential of advanced fault diagnosis methods in aircraft flight control systems is clarified.