使用黄板防控梨园害虫的生态效益评价

Evaluation of Ecological Benefits of Using Yellow Sticky Boards to Control Insect Pests in Pear Orchards

黄板诱杀是一项重要的物理防治技术,广泛用于果树害虫的防控.为探明梨园使用黄板防控的生态效益,本研究评估了黄板在两种耕作模式梨园中对不同类型昆虫的诱捕情况.结果表明,黄板共诱集到7目,73科昆虫;两种梨园中昆虫种类数量随月份变化呈递增趋势,生草梨园中的昆虫数量高于清耕梨园;不同月份中黄板诱捕的生态效益均不同,生草梨园5-7月和清耕梨园5-6月黄板防控呈正生态效益,其余月份均呈负生态效益,以4月为最低.建议根据梨园生境情况、虫害发生动态,适时悬挂和摘除黄板.

Yellow sticky board trapping is an important physical control technology,which is widely used in the prevention and control of fruit tree pests.In order to ascertain the ecological benefits of using yellow sticky boards in pear orchards,experiments were conducted in two pear orchards,one of sod culture and the other of clean tillage.The results showed that insects of 73 families in 7 orders were trapped by the yellow sticky boards;that the number of insect species in both orchards showed a single-peak trend with the change of months;that the number of insects in the sod culture pear orchard was greater than that in the clean-tillage pear orchard;that the ecological benefits of yellow sticky board trapping were different with the change of months and were the lowest in April,and that positive ecological benefits of yellow sticky board trapping were recorded in May,June and July in the sod culture pear orchard,and in May and June in the clear tillage pear orchard,while negative ecological benefits were shown in the other months of the year.In conclusion,it is recommended to hang or remove the yellow sticky boards according to the specific habitat condition of the pear orchard and the dynamics of the pests.