大长径比铣刀复合减振技术研究

Study on Compound Damping Technology of Large Long Diameter Ratio Milling Cutter

铣刀的长径比通常情况下远大于4,当刀具的长径比大于4时,在工作过程中会产生较大振动,对加工造成不利影响。针对此振动问题,设计一种基于动力减振法与阻尼材料减振法相结合的复合减振铣刀,利用ANSYS有限元软件对其进行静态结构力学仿真分析、模态分析及谐响应分析,并将其与普通硬质合金铣刀刀杆进行对比。对比分析结果表明,复合减振铣刀的动态性能优于普通硬质合金铣刀,更适合高速铣削加工;普通硬质合金铣刀的静态性能较好,静刚度高于减振铣刀,具有较低的动态频率和动刚度,更适合载荷较大的低速铣削加工。

Generally,the length to diameter of milling cutter is much larger than 4.When the tool′s long diameter ratio is greater than 4,a large vibration in the course of operation is produced,adversely affecting the machining.In view of such problems,a composite vibration reduction milling cutter based on the combination of dynamic damping method and damping material vibration reduction method is designed.ANSYS finite element software is used to static structural mechanics simulation,modal analysis and harmonic response analysis,and compared with ordinary carbide milling rods.The comparative results show that the dynamic performance of composite vibration reduction milling cutter is better than that of ordinary carbide milling cutter,which is more suitable for high-speed milling.While the static performance of ordinary carbide milling cutters is better,the static stiffness is higher than that of vibration reduction milling cutters,and it has lower dynamic frequency and kinetic stiffness,so it is more suitable for low-speed milling with large loads.