器官移植与疫苗接种

Organ transplantation and vaccination

器官移植受者术后需长期服用免疫抑制剂,因此免疫功能低下,是感染的高危人群,且其住院率、危重率和病死率均较高。接种疫苗是目前公认的预防感染的有效方式,器官移植受者可以根据实际情况进行疫苗接种。但器官移植受者对疫苗的敏感性降低,其接种疫苗的种类、接种方式和时机一直是临床研究的热点。本文就器官移植受者疫苗接种的一般原则、器官移植受者特定疫苗的接种以及器官移植受者新型冠状病毒疫苗的接种做一简要述评,以期为器官移植受者的疫苗接种提供参考,并特别关注全球新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情大流行的情况下器官移植受者接种新型冠状病毒疫苗的现状。

Organ transplant recipients are at a high risk of infection with high hospitalization rate,critical rate and fatality,due to low immune function caused by taking immunosuppressants for a period of long time after organ transplantation.Currently,vaccination is recognized as an effective approach to prevent infection.Organ transplant recipients may be vaccinated according to individual conditions.However,the sensitivity to vaccines may decline in organ transplant recipients.The types,methods and timing of vaccination have constantly been the hot spots of clinical trials.In this article,the general principles,specific vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines of vaccination in organ transplant recipients were briefly reviewed,aiming to provide reference for the vaccination of organ transplant recipients.Moreover,current status of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for organ transplant recipients was illustrated under the global outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia pandemic.