摘要
20世纪80年代以来,赋权理论被普遍运用于发展研究,尤其是妇女研究中。妇女赋权既是个复杂的概念,又是一个从观点到行动的多维度进程,在量化方面存在理论及现实的困难,至今仍未形成一个完整的概念框架,在不同国家、不同文化背景下获得的认知和实践也不相同。在实现路径方面,妇女赋权理论强调转变性别歧视、改变社会不平等的制度与结构性因素。受国际舆论与国内发展进程的共同影响,孟加拉国不同行为体(主要政党、妇女组织、国际援助方和非政府组织)基于各自的立场和目标对妇女赋权进行了阐释和解读,关注贫困妇女及妇女的经济赋权,认为经济赋权是实现妇女在社会及政治领域赋权的必要前提。孟加拉国妇女赋权的成效主要体现在妇女参与小额信贷项目和制衣业部门的就业,一定程度上促进了妇女的经济赋权。妇女赋权是构成孟加拉国社会经济可持续发展的基本条件之一,客观上要求政府制定适当的制度政策,打破歧视妇女的传统性别准则,在平等基础上积极促进妇女对国家发展进程的全面参与。
Since the 1980s,empowerment theory has been widely used in development studies,especially in women’s studies.In terms of the realization approach,the theory of women’s empowerment emphasizes the transformation of traditional gender norms and structural factors of social inequality.In Bangladesh,women’s empowerment presents multiple discourse trajectories due to different actors(political parties,women’s organizations,international donors and NGOs) reading the concept on their respective positions.In the common aspect,these actors pay attention to poor women and women’s economic empowerment and think that economic empowerment is a necessary prerequisite for the social and political empowerment in this country.The practice of women’s empowerment reflects in women’s participation in micro-finance projects and garment industry,which promotes women’s economic empowerment to some extent.Women’s empowerment makes up a necessary condition to sustainable development in Bangladesh,the government need to formulate appropriate policies to break the traditional gender norms and promote women’s full participation in the national development process on the basis of equality.
出处
《南亚东南亚研究》
2021年第6期95-106,156,共13页
South and Southeast Asian Studies
基金
云南大学哲学社会科学创新团队“中印关系与中国边疆安全研究”
云南省哲学社会科学创新团队“中印关系与中国国家安全研究”(项目编号:2021CX03)
教育部“区域与国别研究中心—云南大学孟加拉国研究中心”的阶段性成果。
