城市社区老年前期人群自我养老准备的质性研究

Self-pension Provision of Pre-elderly People in Urban Community:A Qualitative Research

目的分析、了解社区老年前期人群个人层面养老准备的内涵与特点,为构建城市养老模式提供依据。方法对10名年龄50~59岁的社区居民进行半结构式访谈,用Colaizzi分析法对访谈资料进行分析、归纳。结果共析出7个主题:(1)越临近退休,养老准备的想法越强烈;(2)不愿给子女添麻烦,准备进行自我养老;(3)增加收入、减少开支,自主进行养老金积累;(4)自主进行健康管理,延缓身心衰老;(5)强烈的学习需求,渴望获取预防保健知识;(6)加强亲友关系维护,渴望回报支持;(7)帮助子女照顾孙辈,减少潜在养老负担。结论城市社区老年前期人群的养老准备具有主动选择自我养老方式,提前储蓄经济、健康、情感等养老资源的特点,提示城市社区具有提升自我养老能力的良好条件以及构建自我养老模式的群众基础。

Objective To analyze and understand the connotation and characteristics of self-pension provision at the individual level of community pre-elderly people,and to provide referencefor the construction of urban pension service system.Methods A semi-structured interview was conducted in10 community residents aged between 50 and 59 andColaizzi analysis method was used to analyze and summarize the data.Results There were 7 themes from the analysis:(1)The closer theretirement,the stronger the idea of self-pension;(2)Don’t want to bring trouble to the children and hope to have self-pension;(3)Self-accumulation of pensionfunds through increasing revenue and reducing expenditure;(4)Self-health management to slow aging;(5) Strong learning need for health knowledge;(6)Manage family and develop friendship foremotionalsupport;(7)Help children to take care of the family especially the grandchildren so as toreduce potential pension burden.Conclusion Community pre-elderly people attach great importance to self-pension preparation through accumulating economic,healthy and emotional resources,which indicates that there are solid foundations for the improvement and construction of self-pension in urban community.