以比赛为契机的弹力带健身操训练对成年人身体成分及训练依从性的影响

Effects of elastic band aerobics training on cardiovascular risk factors of adults by taking competition as an opportunity

目的探究以比赛为契机的弹力带健身操训练对成年人身体成分及训练依从性的影响。方法全国各省市24个健康管理示范基地组队参加弹力带健身操比赛活动。各参赛队通过视频学习弹力带健身操比赛动作, 自行组织练习。各健康管理示范基地经过专业流程培训的工作人员, 完成其参赛队员训练前后的各项指标测试以及出勤率等资料收集。测试指标:形态学指标包括身高、体重、体脂含量、肌肉含量、腰围、臀围和体脂率;生理指标包括安静收缩压和安静舒张压。采用配对样本t检验对前后测结果进行统计分析。结果经过8周的弹力带健身操训练, 男性参赛者的体重、体质指数、腰围、体脂含量、收缩压和舒张压与训练前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01), 分别下降1.39%、1.45%、0.98%、3.61%、2.28%、2.34%和3.05%;女性参赛者的体重、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、体脂含量以及体脂率较训练前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01), 分别下降1.25%、1.59%、0.65%、0.99%、4.22%和2.38%。进入决赛的前10支队伍和未进入决赛的14支队伍, 两者缺勤率相比差异有统计学意义(平均缺勤率分别为2.8%和10.7%);且参赛人员总体出勤率为92.6%, 高于临床界定高依从性80%的标准。结论 8周弹力带健身操训练能显著改善成年人的身体成分, 降低体脂率, 减小腰围;以比赛为契机的训练方案可显著提高成年人运动依从性。

Objective To explore the influence of elastic band aerobics training on cardiovascular risk factors in adults.Methods Twenty-four health management centers participated in the competition.Each individual participant learned elastic band aerobics through video and tested their own indexes before and after intervention.Height,body weight(BW),muscle content(MC),fat content(FC),waist circumference(WC),hip circumference(HC),body fat rate(BFR),resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure(SBP and DBP)were measured.A paired samples t-test was used to analyze pre-and post-test results.Results After 8 weeks of elastic band aerobics training,there were significant differences in body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,body fat content,systolic and diastolic blood pressure for male contestants before and after training(P<0.01).These decreased by 1.39%,1.45%,0.98%,3.61%,2.28%,2.34%,and 3.05%respectively.Weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist hip ratio,body fat content and rate of female contestants decreased by 1.25%,1.59%,0.65%,0.99%,4.22%,and 2.38%respectively(P<0.01).There were significant differences in absenteeism between the top 10 and bottom 14 teams(P<0.05).Average absenteeism rates were 2.8%and 10.7%respectively.Overall attendance rate of participants was 92.6%,higher than the clinical standard of an 80%level of compliance.Conclusions Eight-week elastic band aerobics training can significantly improve body composition of adults,reducing body fat rate and waist circumference.Using competition as an opportunity to exercise promotes implementation and persistence of sports training programs.