新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情中风险地区及周边居民和企业员工心理状况与血压的关联性分析

Correlation analysis between psychological status and blood pressure of surrounding residents and employees in a medium-risk area during COVID-19 epidemic

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19)疫情中风险地区及周边居民和企业员工心理状况与血压的关联性。方法 2021年1月4日至8日采用方便抽样法对北京市朝阳区酒仙桥中风险地区及周边的居民及企业单位员工进行心理问卷调查, 采集一般资料(性别、年龄、身高、体重, 吸烟与饮酒史, 既往疾病史), 并进行家庭血压监测。通过Pearson′s χ2检验分别比较不同因素(焦虑、抑郁、年龄、性别、体质指数、吸烟、饮酒及合并慢性疾病史)中血压达标与未达标情况, 并建立多因素Logistic回归分析模型探究血压未达标的独立风险因素。结果无焦虑者占75%(684/912), 焦虑者占25%(228/912)。无抑郁占67%(611/912), 抑郁者占33%(301/912), 同时具有焦虑及抑郁状态者占23%(210/912)。血压不达标者占10.3%(94/912)。焦虑状态的人群其血压未达标的发生率30.7%(70/228)显著高于无焦虑状态的人群3.5%(24/684)(χ2=136.779, P<0.001)。抑郁状态的人群其血压未达标的发生率27.2%(82/301)显著高于无抑郁状态的人群2.0%(12/611)(χ2=139.388, P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示焦虑(OR=3.261, P<0.001)、抑郁(OR=7.928, P<0.001)、有慢性疾病合并症(OR=3.207, P<0.001)与血压控制不达标密切相关。结论 COVID-19疫情期间, 应对中风险地区及周边居民和企业员工心理状况进行筛查及干预, 避免因焦虑或抑郁导致血压不稳定情况的发生。

Objective To explore the correlation analysis between psychological status and blood pressure of residents in medium-risk areas during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic,and provide references for early psychological intervention and hypertension management during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods From January 4 to 8,2021,the convenience sampling method was used to conduct psychological questionnaire surveys on residents and employees of enterprises in the medium-risk area and surrounding areas of Jiuxianqiao,Chaoyang District,Beijing.General data(gender,age,height,weight,history of smoking and drinking,previous medical history),and home blood pressure monitoring were collected.Pearson′sχ2 test was used to compare different factors(anxiety,depression,age,gender,body mass index,smoking,drinking,and history of chronic diseases)in normal blood pressure or not.A multivariate logistic regression analysis model was established to explore independent risk factors of abnormal blood pressure.Results No anxiety accounted for 75%(684/912),and anxiety accounted for 25%(228/912).No depression accounted for 67%(611/912),depression accounted for 33%(301/912).Both anxiety and depression accounted for 23%(210/912).The substandard blood pressure accounted for 10.3%(94/912).The incidence of poor blood pressure control in participants with anxiety was 30.7%(70/228),which was significantly higher than that of participants without anxiety 3.5%(24/684)(χ2=136.779,P<0.001).The incidence of poor blood pressure control in participants with depression 27.2%(82/301)was significantly higher than that of participants without depression 2.0%(12/611)(χ2=139.388,P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed anxiety(OR=3.261,P<0.001),depression(OR=7.928,P<0.001),and complications of chronic diseases(OR=3.207,P<0.001)were closely related to whether blood pressure was under control.Conclusions During the COVID-19 epidemic,the psychological status of residents and employees in medium-risk areas should be screened and interventions implemented accordingly to prevent unstable blood pressure caused by anxiety or depression.