中国政府人员规模问题研究:回顾与展望

A Review on the Studies of Chinese Government Personnel Scale:Retrospect and Prospect

中国政府人员规模问题始终是理论界与实务界关注的热点问题。既有研究一般仅关注编内人员或编外人员,未能意识到二者之间内在的关联性和一致性。文章认为,以是否具有编制为界线,应当将政府人员规模区分为显性规模与隐性规模,并以这种二分结构来审视当前的政府人员规模研究。显性规模方面,争论焦点在于编内人员规模偏大还是偏小,兼顾显性规模的影响因素分析;隐性规模方面,在展示基本现状的基础上,重点在于从制度与历史两条进路探究其发生与膨胀的原因。未来可能的研究方向包括:视角上,对显性规模与隐性规模进行整体性分析;内容上,构建治理现代化背景下的政府人员规模问题研究;方法上,做案例的跨区域比较研究和动态性追踪研究。

The scale of Chinese government personnel is the key focus of academia both in theories and practices.In general,existing studies focus too much on staff with or without Bianzhi,failing to realize the inherent relevance and consistency between them.This paper holds that the scale of Chinese government personnel shall be divided into explicit scale and implicit scale depends on whether they have Bianzhi or not,and under this dichotomy structure,the scale of government personnel should be further examined.In terms of explicit scale,the focus of the debate is whether the scale of government is too large or small,taking into account the analysis of influencing factors of explicit scale;in terms of implicit size,the focus is analyzing the reasons of its occurrence and expansion from both institutional and historical approaches,based on presenting the status quo.Possible future research directions include:in terms of perspective,a holistic analysis of explicit scale and implicit scale;in terms of content,study on the scale of Chinese government personnel under the context of governance modernization;in terms of methods,cross-regional comparative studies and case studies with dynamic tracking.