大规模交互式洪水灾害动态场景预警仿真

Interactive Large-Scale Flood Scenario Dynamic Early Warning Simulation

洪水是一种严重危害人民生命财产安全的自然灾害.针对我国现有的洪水灾害模拟仿真技术系统化程度不足,难以直观、快速地向决策者预警展示洪水泛滥的现况、发展趋势和灾害损失评估的问题,设计了一个可交互的大规模洪水灾害动态场景预警仿真系统.首先利用半拉格朗日隐式积分的方法在基本保证动量守恒和体积守恒的前提下快速求解浅水方程,达到了洪水演进实时稳定的模拟计算;然后提出了一种建筑物洪灾危机的预警规则,在洪水演进时能够通过变换预警色彩,实时警示有关建筑物的洪水受灾损害危机等级;最后建立起一个可交互大规模洪水模拟仿真系统,其功能包括可增加洪水挡板以展示区域的防洪功能、进排水口添加的泄洪效果和建筑物时变的积水高度显示等.在自行采集的城市高程数据上的仿真实验结果表明,该系统可为建设现代海绵型城市的防洪减灾决策设计提供直观、可靠的依据.

Flooding is a natural disaster that seriously endangers the safety of people’s life and property.Given the insufficient systemization of the existing flood disaster simulation technology in our country,it is difficult to visualize the situation,trend,and damage assessment of the flooding to the decision-maker instantly and intuitively.An interactive large-scale flood disaster dynamic scene early warning simulation system is implemented.Firstly,the semi-Lagrangian implicit integration method is used to quickly solve the shallow water equation under the premise of conservation of momentum and volume,which achieves real-time and stable simulation calculation of flood evolution.Secondly,a warning rule for building flood disaster crisis is proposed by changing the color of building to show the crisis level when flood is developing.Finally,an interactive large-scale flood simulation system is established,which contains functions such as adding baffle to show the area’s flood control and the effect of flood discharge caused by adding inlet and outlet,time-varying water level display of buildings and so on.The results of simulation experiment on the urban elevation data collected by us show that the system will provide an intuitive and reliable basis for the decision-making design of flood control and disaster reduction in the construction of a modern sponge city.