“双减”时代基础教育的公共性回归与公平性隐忧

Rebuilding Publicity of Fundamental Education in the Era of “Double Reduction” and Concerns of Equity

公共性是现代教育的基本属性,而公平性是教育公共性的重要基石。随着教育改革中市场化因素的介入,竞争机制、资本运作和价格机制对基础教育的公共性带来了挑战。新时代"双减"改革直指上述结构性矛盾,引导基础教育公共服务体系回归公共性,对教育事业的发展方向、学校教育的地位、优质教育资源的供给渠道和学校课后服务格局进行了重新定位。当前的新旧制度更替也引发了新的结构性矛盾及公平性挑战,或将带来分配正义层面的校际差距扩大问题,以及关系正义层面的群体、区域和城乡间课外补习鸿沟问题。为实现"双减"政策保障教育公共性的目标,应从课内、课外和校外三方面入手,为不同区域、群体和学校的学生提供相对公平的教育条件保障。

Publicity is the basic attribute of modern education,and equity is an important cornerstone of the publicity of education.With the intervention of marketization factors in education reform in the new century,competition mechanism,capital operation and price mechanism have brought challenges to the publicity of basic education.The “double reduction” reform in the new era directly refers to the above-mentioned structural contradictions,guiding the public service system of basic education to return to publicity,and repositioning the development direction of education,the status of school education,the supply channels of high-quality educational resources and the pattern of school after-school services.The undergoing institutional change has also caused new structural tensions and challenges to equity,which may bring about the problem of widening the gap between schools at the level of distributive justice,and the gap between groups,regions,and urban-rural extracurricular tutoring at the level of relational justice.In order to implement the “double reduction” policy to ensure the publicity of education,it is necessary to start from three aspects:classroom,extracurricular and outside of the school,to provide relatively equitable education conditions for students in different regions,groups and schools.