职业教育形态演变视角下现代学徒制实践路径研究

A Study on the Practice Approaches of Modern Apprenticeship:From the Perspective of the Evolution of Vocational Education Forms

随着职业教育形态的演变,经济发展新常态呼唤校企双元育人现代学徒制培养形式,职业教育层次和类型的完善对现代学徒制培养体系发展提出了新的要求,行业组织成为现代学徒制实施不可或缺的构成要素,人类命运共同体理念为现代学徒制内涵和外延拓展提供了广阔空间。在当前的现代学徒制实践中,存在校企合作政策供给失衡、人才培养标准普适度不高、校企共通共用的培养管理体系缺乏等问题。基于此,建议建立适应职业教育层次的现代学徒制培养层次体系、以行业为指导的行企校三方协同现代学徒制培养生态、以校企双元育人为主导的现代学徒制人才培养模式、以校企命运共同体为特征的现代学徒制培养新形态、教产协同发力的现代学徒制政策支持保障体系。

With the evolution of vocational education form,the new normal of economic development calls for the modern apprenticeship training form of dual education between school and enterprise.The improvement of vocational education level and type puts forward new requirements for the development of modern apprenticeship training system,and industry organizations have become indispensable elements for the implementation of modern apprenticeship system.The concept of a community with a shared future for mankind provides a broad space for the connotation and extension of modern apprenticeship.In the current practice of modern apprenticeship,there are some problems such as the imbalance of school-enterprise cooperation policy supply,the lack of universality of talent training standard,and the lack of school-enterprise common training management system.Therefore,it is proposed to set up modern apprenticeship training system to conform to the vocational education,modern apprenticeship training ecology with industry-enterprise-school cooperation,modern apprenticeship training mode led by university and enterprise,new form of modern apprenticeship training characterized by a community with a shared future for universities and enterprises,and modern apprenticeship policy support and guarantee system with education-industry cooperation.