“中华民族共同体”的国家结构内涵、功能与构建

The Connotation,Function and Construction of China's State Structure of the Community for the Chinese Nation

国家整体与部分之间的关系、中央与地方之间的关系,是当代中国国家结构调整的基本关系。民族区域自治和“一国两制”是中国单一制国家结构的基本内容与鲜明特色,构成了调整中央与民族区域自治地方、特别行政区地方关系的制度安排。进入中国特色社会主义新时代,构建“中华民族共同体”成为调整国家中央与地方,特别是中央与民族区域自治地方及中央与特别行政区地方之间关系的根本遵循,构成中国特色单一制国家结构的新内涵。构建“中华民族共同体”是一个长期而艰巨的过程,具有长期性和艰巨性。为此,要加强中华民族共同体理论建设和中华民族共有精神家园建设、建立健全以宪法和基本法为基础的中华民族共同体法律体系、促进各地区各民族共同发展和共同繁荣、完善“一国两制”和推进国家完全统一,为构建“中华民族共同体”提供理论指导与思想基础、宪法法律规制与法治基础、物质保障与民生基础及政治保障和统一的国家基础。

The relationship between the state and its constituent parts, as well as the relationship between central govern⁃ment and its local governments are the basic relationship of structural adjustment in contemporary China. Regional autonomy forethnic minorities and "One Country, Two Systems" policy are the basic content and vivid feature of national structure in China asa unitary state. This forms the policy arrangement to adjust the relationship between central government and regional autonomy forethnic minorities, as well as the Special Administrative Regions. Entering the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the construction of "Communityfor the Chinese Nation " becomes the basic principle to guide the relationship between state andlocal governments. And this is particularly true between the central government and autonomy regions for ethnic minorities, aswell as the Special Administrative Regions. It also forms the new connotation of national structure in unitary state China. Buildingthe "Communityfor the Chinese Nation " is a long and difficult procedure. Therefore, we need to strengthen the theoretical foun⁃dation of community for the Chinese nation and the construction of a shared spiritual world for the Chinese nation. It is also neces⁃sary to improve the law system of community for the Chinese nation based on the constitution and basic law, to promote the com⁃mon development and prosperity in every region, to improve the "One Country, Two Systems" policy and to push forward com⁃plete national reunification. In so doing, it provides the theoretical guidance and thought basis, constitutional regulation and basisfor rule of law, material guarantee and livelihood basis, as well as political guarantee and unified state basis.