略古详今,同心外扩——试论《史记》的内在逻辑结构

From Detailed Contemporary History to Brief Ancient Hist ory--A Discussion of Shiji's Internal Logical Structure

《史记》的内在逻辑结构实际上是由若干圆组成的大同心圆,圆心是《平准书》和《货殖列传》,由圆心向外,当代史是第一层,现代史是第二层,近古史是第三层,上古史则是第四层,越靠近圆心的地方密度越大越详细。整个结构就像个星系,无论远近都围绕着中心旋转,这个中心就是《平准书》和《货殖列传》。而太史公之所以在《史记》中构建这样一个逻辑结构,其根本目的就在于表达自己的政治观点。

Shiji's internal logical structure appears as a big circle.The center are Pingzhun and Huozhi.From the center,the contemporary history is the first part.The modern hi story is second part,the near ancient history and the far ancient history are the third and fourth parts.The closer to the centre o f the circle the description of history is more detail.Th e whole logic struc⁃ture is like a star system,everything is revolving aroun d the circle.And the circle is Pingzhun and Huozhi.The p urpose of this structure is to express the political views of the author.