黄河黑山峡水库库容规模需求研究

Research on the Scale Requirement of the Development and Storage Capacity in Heishanxia Section of the Yellow River

库容规模的确定是黄河黑山峡河段开发方案的关键之一。分析新形势下黄河黑山峡河段开发需求,包括:协调水沙关系,减轻宁蒙河段淤积,恢复和维持适宜中水河槽规模;增强防凌能力,保障宁蒙河段防凌防洪安全;合理调配水资源,协调水量调度和发电运用之间的矛盾,充分发挥水资源综合效益;为附近地区供水,改善民生,保障生态安全。计算分析不同开发需求的库容规模,包括调水调沙库容规模、防凌库容规模和供水调节库容规模,综合研究不同库容需求在时间、空间上的分布及相互关系,提出南水北调西线调水生效前黑山峡水库库容规模需求为40.8亿m^(3),西线调水生效后黑山峡水库库容规模需求为57.6亿m^(3)。

The determination of the storage capacity scale is one of the key issues in determining the development plan in the Heishanxia reach of the Yellow River. This paper analyzed the development requirement in the Heishanxia section of the Yellow River under the new situation, including coordinating the relationship between water and sediment, reducing siltation in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia section, restoring and maintaining an appropriate median water channel scale;enhancing the capacity of ice control and ensuring the safety of flood control and ice control in the upper reaches of the Yellow River;reasonably allocating water resources, coordinating the contradiction between water dispatching and power generation utilization, fully utilizing the comprehensive benefits of water resources;supplying water to nearby areas, improving people’s livelihood and ensuring ecological safety. Also, the study calculated and analyzed the storage capacity of different development requirements, including storage capacity of water and sediment regulation, storage capacity of ice control and water supply adjustment storage capacity. With comprehensively studying in distribution and relationship of different storage requirements in time and space, it was put forward that the capacity requirement of the Heishanxia Reservoir was 4.08 billion m^(3) before the West Route of South-North Water Transfer Project taking effect and the capacity requirement of the reservoir was 5.76 billion m^(3) after coming into effect.