欧美国家STEM学校内涵与标准的比较研究

A comparative study on connotation and standards of STEM schools in America and Europe

尽管STEM教育被纳入教学变革与人才培养的重点发展方向,但STEM学校的内涵仍存在许多争论和不确定性。基于欧、美等国家地区现有的STEM学校标准,通过内容分析法分析其共性与差异,提炼出STEM学校建设的内涵与标准框架。该框架内圈为STEM学校的基本指标,包括学校教学、学校人员和学校文化。中圈框架为三大基本指标建设的整合,其中学校教学的建设指标包括多元活动、科创特色等;学校人员的建设指标包括领导力管理团队、跨学科教研团队等;学校文化的建设指标包括尊重、平等、合作等。外圈框架为共同体的资源整合,主要包括产学合作共同体、研学合作共同体、参学合作共同体以及政产学研共同体。旨在通过框架提炼,为我国未来STEM学校的建设提供参考。

Although STEM education is included in the key development direction of teaching reform and talent training,there are still many controversies and uncertainties in the connotation of STEM schools.This study is based on the existing STEM school standards in Europe,the United States and other countries and regions,and analyzes their commonalities and differences through content analysis,and extracts the connotation and standard framework of STEM school construction.The inner circle of the framework is the basic indicator of STEM schools,including school teaching,school personnel,and school culture.The middle circle framework is the integration of three basic indicators.The construction indicators of school teaching include multiple activities,science and innovation characteristics,etc.;the construction indicators of school personnel include leadership management teams,interdisciplinary teaching and research teams,etc.;the construction indicators of school culture include Respect,equality,cooperation,etc.The outer circle frame is the resource integration of the community,which mainly includes the industry-university cooperation community,the research-academic cooperation community,the school-participating cooperation community,and the government-industry-university research community.This research aims to refine the framework and provide a reference for the construction of STEM schools in China in the future.