火箭橇滑轨空间线形高精度测量和调校技术研究

High-Precision Adjustment and Measurement Technology for Space Linear of Rocket Sled Sliding Track

火箭撬滑轨是一种大型地面高速动态模拟试验设备,火箭撬试验对滑轨的直线精度要求高达一百万分之一,因此对火箭撬滑轨空间线形安装调试提出极高的精度要求。火箭橇滑轨从支承梁预制到轨道安装模式,都异于常规铁路,其轨道调校技术要求极高,远超于目前国内所建高铁轨道的技术要求,常规高精度全站仪及电子水准仪测量方法很难满足火箭撬滑轨对安装测量的精度要求,而激光跟踪仪的快速发展为高精度直线测量提供了条件。本文运用激光跟踪仪对我国新建长达16 km的某火箭撬滑轨安装进行测量和调校,总结出一套火箭橇滑轨调校测量新技术,为今后类似火箭橇滑轨建设积累丰富经验。验收结果表明,本文所述滑轨调校测量技术完全满足滑轨安装精度要求,为拓宽激光跟踪仪在高速轨道工程领域的应用奠定基础。

The rocket sled sliding track is a large-scale ground high-speed dynamic simulation test equipment. The linear accuracy of the rocket sled test is as high as one part per million. Therefore, the space linear installation and debugging of the rocket sled sliding track requires extremely high precision. Rocket sled slides are different from conventional railways from the prefabrication of support beams to the track installation mode. The technical requirements for track adjustment are extremely high, far exceeding the technical requirements of current domestic high-speed railway tracks. The measurement method of conventional high-precision total stations and electronic levels is difficult to meet the accuracy requirements of the rocket sled sliding track for the installation measurement, and the rapid development of the laser tracker provides the conditions for high-precision linear measurement. In this paper, a laser tracker is used to measure and adjust the installation of a new rocket sled sliding rail of 16 km in China, and summarize a set of new rocket sled sliding rail adjustment and measurement technology, which will accumulate rich experience for the construction of similar rocket sled sliding rails in the future. The acceptance results show that the slide rail adjustment and measurement technology described in this article fully meets the requirements of slide rail installation accuracy, laying a foundation for broadening the application of laser trackers in the field of high-speed rail engineering.