离子型稀土矿区土壤中重金属迁移转化特征

Migration and Transformation Characteristics of Heavy Metals in the Soil of Ion-type Rare Earth Mining Areas

稀土矿长期开采导致矿区生态环境破坏问题日益严重,尤以重金属污染问题更为引起人们的广泛关注。文章简要分析了离子型稀土矿区重金属的来源及重金属对土壤、植物、人体产生的影响,并对稀土矿区重金属的迁移转化特征的影响因素(土壤质地、pH、有机质、稀土元素)进行详细综述。针对重金属污染问题与矿山可持续发展密切相关,提出了重金属污染防治的建议,以期为土壤生态安全和环境可持续发展奠定理论基础和科学依据。

The ecological environment has been great damaged due to long-term exploit of rare earths ore especially the problem of heavy metal pollution is attracting more and more attention.We do a brief analysis and introduce the sources of heavy metals and the effects of heavy metals on soil,plant and human body in ion-type rare earth mining area and a detailed review about the characteristics of heavy metals migration and transformation influencing factors(soil texture,pH,organic matter,rare earth elements).The problem of heavy metal pollution is closely related to mine sustainable development.This paper put forward the suggestions of prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in order to lay a theoretical foundation and scientif ic basis for soil ecological security and environmental sustainable development.