拜登—哈里斯政府的贸易政策及中国应对思路

The Trade Policy of Biden Administration and China’s Countermeasures

拜登—哈里斯政府的经济政策聚焦于应对新冠肺炎疫情并推动经济复苏、捍卫美国技术领先地位及绿色新政以应对气候变化,而美国宏观经济走势、内外失衡状况及美元霸权地位则是其经贸政策的重要依据。作为建制派的拜登总统,将重心放在恢复美国在全球贸易体制的领导力上,并试图重新主导全球治理体系;尝试构建新的贸易政策体系以保护劳工利益,修补上一任政府的过激贸易政策并着力推进盟友合作;贸易政策持续服务于美国供应链安全,但政治化倾向不断增强;视中国为最大对手,政治化与“国家安全”主导对华经贸政策方向。对我国而言,要充分认识到中美博弈的长期性和严峻性、努力拓展中美经贸间的互补型领域、用更大力度的改革开放对冲美国外部冲击,并加快构建国内国际双循环新发展格局。

The Biden administration’s economic policies focus on responding to the COVID-19 pandemic and promoting economic recovery,defending the leading role of the United States,and employing the Green New Deal to address climate change.In making policies,the administration takes the US macroeconomic trend,internal and external imbalance,and the hegemony of the US dollar as the important basis.President Biden,from the Establishment,has focused on restoring US leadership in the global trading system and tried to re-dominate the global governance system;the administration has attempted to build a new trade regime to protect American labor interests,repair the excesses trade policy of the previous administration,and strive to promote alliance cooperation.The trade policies continue to serve the security of American supply chain,but the tendency of politicization is increasing;America’s trade policies towards China,as it regards China as the biggest opponent,are dominated by politicization and“national security”.China,in such a context,should be well aware that the China-US game is,and has always been a long-term and severe issue,strive to expand the complementary fields of China-US economy and trade,hedge the external impact of the United States by promoting China’s reform and opening up,and speed up the construction of the new development paradigm featuring dual circulation.