村落庙宇的城镇化响应——以福建永安市唐王庙为例

Response of Village Temples to Urbanization:Taking Tangwang Temple in Yong'an City,Fujian Province as an Example

本研究以福建永安市唐王庙为例,全面探析村落庙宇的城镇化响应。研究发现唐王庙通过从村庙向区域性庙宇转化,以地方神的新身份去适应和嵌入新的城镇生活空间:(1)在精神生活上满足了附近居民的信仰需求,信众数量增加;(2)响应新老信众的信仰需求,创设庙会出巡活动,信仰空间扩大;(3)通过庙宇建筑、例行信仰活动、请神出巡等途径扩大其影响力;(4)管理组织多主体化、专门化、市场化和现代化;(5)通过登记活动场所、信仰活动仪式正规化、纳入道教协会受政府间接管理等实现合法化,响应城镇法制化发展要求。

This study takes Tangwang Temple in Yong'an City,Fujian Province as an example to comprehensively analyze the response of village temples to urbanization.It was found that the temple has transformed from a village temple to a regional temple,adapted and embedded in the new urban living space with a new identity as a local god,which was reflected in such five aspects:(1)It satisfies the belief needs of nearby residents in terms of spiritual life,which increases its followers.(2)In response to the belief needs of new and old believers,temple fair tours were created to expand the space of belief.(3)Extend the sacredness of beliefs and enhance credibility through temple construction,routine belief activities,and inviting gods to go on tours.(4)Multi-subject,specialization,marketization and modernization of management organizations.(5)Legalization through registration of venues,formalization of belief activities,and indirect management of Taoist associations by the government,in response to the requirements of urban legal development.