含氮杂环碳氢键碘代方法的研究进展

Review on Iodization of C—H Bonds in Nitrogen Heterocycles

多碘含能化合物是近年来发展起来的一类新型杀菌材料,其通过含能组分在受激发后释放出能量或气体驱动其产生的碘基杀菌剂,实现对环境病菌的高效快速洗消,具有响应时间短,灵活性好,杀菌效率高,适应复杂环境需要等优点。本综述总结归纳了通过I2/KI,I2/氧化剂,N‑碘代琥珀酰亚胺(NIS),氯化碘(ICl)等用于制备多碘代五元或六元氮杂环的方法,比较分析了不同碘化方法的适用范围和优缺点。指出了未来多碘含能化合物制备重点应围绕提高碘的原子经济性和绿色友好的合成工艺来展开,可为新型多碘含能化合物的设计与合成及规模化制备提供一定的参考。

Iodine‑rich compounds are a new type of bactericidal materials developed in recent years.Gaseous products com‑prised of large amounts of iodine or iodine‑containing components are released can be used as strong biocides during the progress of decomposition or explosion of iodine‑rich compounds.It has the advantages of short response time,good flexibility,high sterilization efficiency,and can adapt to the needs of complex environment.In this review,we summarized the iodination methods of preparing five‑member or six‑member nitrogen heterocycles by using I2/KI,I2/oxidants,NIS or ICl,and the range of application,advantages and disadvantages of different iodide methods were compared and analyzed,It is pointed out that the preparation of iodine‑rich energetic compounds in the future should focus on improving the atom economy of iodine and the green and friendly synthesis process.It is hoped that this review will provide guidance for the design,synthesis and large‑scale preparation of new iodine‑rich energetic compounds in the future.