新生儿病理性黄疸发生的影响因素及护理模式的优化

Influencing factors of neonatal pathological jaundice and optimization of nursing model

目的:观察新生儿病理性黄疸发生的影响因素,分析优化护理模式措施。方法:选取医院收住的985例新生儿,其中包括200例病理性黄疸新生儿(黄疸组)与785例为健康新生儿(对照组),分析其发病影响因素,并提出优化护理模式策略。结果:黄疸组早产、巨细胞病毒性肝炎、HIE、新生儿肺炎、其他感染、宫内窘迫、宫内窒息、G-6-PD酶缺陷、ABO血型不合所占比例明显高于对照组(P<0.05);黄疸组妊娠期高血压、母乳喂养不当所占比例显著高于对照组(P<0.05);logistic回归分析显示,早产、巨细胞病毒性肝炎、新生儿肺炎、宫内窘迫、宫内窒息、ABO血型不合、母乳喂养不当为新生儿病理性黄疸发生独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:新生儿病理性黄疸发生独立危险因素主要包括早产、巨细胞病毒性肝炎、新生儿肺炎、宫内窘迫与窒息、ABO血型不合及母乳喂养不当等,临床可针对这些因素优化临床护理模式,以降低新生儿病理性黄疸风险。

Objective:To observe the influencing factors of neonatal pathological jaundice and analyze measures to optimize the nursing model.Methods:985 neonates,including 200 neonates with pathological jaundice(jaundice group)and 785 healthy neonates(control group),were enrolled in the study.The influencing factors of attack were analyzed,and strategies for optimizing the nursing model were proposed.Results:The proportions of premature birth,cytomegalovirus hepatitis,HIE,neonatal pneumonia,other infections,intrauterine distress,intrauterine asphyxia,G-6-PD deficiency and ABO blood group incompatibility were significantly higher in the jaundice group than those in the control group(P<0.05).The proportions of gestational hypertension and improper breastfeeding in the jaundice group were also significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that premature birth,cytomegalovirus hepatitis,neonatal pneumonia,intrauterine distress,intrauterine asphyxia,ABO blood group incompatibility and improper breastfeeding were independent risk factors for neonatal pathological jaundice(P<0.05).Conclusion:The independent risk factors for neonatal pathological jaundice mainly include premature birth,cytomegalovirus hepatitis,neonatal pneumonia,intrauterine distress and asphyxia,ABO blood group incompatibility and improper breastfeeding.The clinical nursing model can be optimized according to these factors to reduce the risk of neonatal pathological jaundice.