博物馆叙事性展览的结构、 策划与实施

Structure,Planning and Implementation of Narrative Exhibition in Museums

20世纪90年代以后,叙事学理论开始逐渐融入博物馆展览的相关工作中。事实上,博物馆藏品同历史文本一样,均具有反映人类文化发展历程的叙事性,反映在博物馆工作中,即为收藏意义的拓展和文物故事的深挖。在面临社会突发事件之下,博物馆展览保留公众“集体记忆”显得更为重要。一般而言,叙事性展览可分为主题-时间、主题-因果、主题-并置、“非线性化”四类基本结构。在具体策划实施时,可采用积累叙事素材、建构时间线索和逻辑关系、适当使用“修辞手法”分步进行。

Since the 1990s,narrative theory has been gradually applied to museum exhibition activities.As a matter of fact,collections in museum,like historical texts,are narrators of the development of human culture which are waiting to be explored in meaning and the background stories of the cultural relics.It is especially important for museum exhibitions to retain“collective memory”of the mass when facing social emergencies.Generally,narrative exhibition can be divided into four types:the theme-time type,the theme-cause and effect type,the theme-juxtaposition type and the non-linear type.In practice,such exhibition can be prepared by steps of collecting narrative materials,looking for time clues or logical relationship among the relics,and applying certain rhetoric technique.