宁夏银川市儿童青少年近视情况调查

Investigation on myopia among children and adolescents in Yinchuan,Ningxia

目的调查银川市儿童青少年近视及高度近视患病率,通过流行病学方法分析高度近视流行趋势,为近视的防控提供依据。方法采用整群抽样调查的方法抽取银川市儿童青少年学生,测量视力及非睫状肌麻痹的屈光度。采用上海眼病防治中心构建的近视筛查信息系统,学生信息提前录入系统,检测设备通过网络或蓝牙技术连接,现场检测的视力及屈光度数据实时上传。筛查结果系统将自动形成基本的近视流行情况、数据统计分析报告。结果共调查15008名学生,其中幼儿园学生760名,年龄3~6岁,小学生11880名,年龄6~12岁,中学生2368名,年龄13~18岁,总体筛查近视率为53.30%,轻度近视率为61.60%,中度近视率为31.54%,高度近视率为6.93%。其中,随着年龄增长,轻度近视率、中度近视率、高度近视率逐年上升,尤其表现在高度近视率,幼儿园高度近视率为0.50%,小学生高度近视率为4.70%,中学生高度近视率为15.59%。结论银川市青少年的近视情况严峻,高度近视率逐年上升,需要高度重视并积极采取有效的近视防控措施。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of myopia and high myopia among children and adolescents in Yinchuan City,and to analyze the prevalence trend of high myopia by epidemiological methods,so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of myopia.Methods The cluster sampling was used to select children and adolescents in Yinchuan City,the visual acuity and the diopter of no ciliary paralysis were measured.The myopia screening information system constructed by Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center was adopted.The students′informations were entried into the system in advance.The detection equipment was connected through the network or bluetooth technology,and the visual acuity and diopter data were uploaded in real time.The screening results system will automatically form the basic myopia prevalence and data statistical analysis report.Results A total of 1,508 students were investigated,including 760 kindergarten students,aged 3~6 years,11880 primary school students,aged 6~12 years,and 2368 middle school students,aged 13~18 years.The overall screening myopia rate was 53.30%,the mild myopia rate was 61.6%,and the moderate myopia rate was 31.54%.The high myopia rate was 6.93%.Among them,with the increase of age,the rate of mild myopia rate,moderate myopia and high myopia rate increased year by year,especially in the rate of high myopia.The rate of high myopia in kindergarten was 0.5%,The rate of high myopia in primary school students was 4.7%,and the rate of high myopia in middle school students is 15.59%.Conclusion The situation of myopia among teenagers in Yinchuan city is serious,especially the rate of high myopia is increasing year by year,which requires great attention and effective prevention and control measures.