基于VRUs深度事故重建的AEB效能对头部损伤风险的影响

Effectiveness of AEB system for head injury risk based on VRUs in-depth accident reconstruction

为保护道路弱势使用群体(VRUs,含行人和二轮车骑车人)的、主被动一体化的、汽车安全性设计提供理论参考依据,该文利用高精度事故再现和事故碰撞前场景重建方法,分析了VRU事故的汽车自动紧急制动系统(AEB)的传感器探测角(FOV)及制动减速度等参数的防护效能及VRUs头部损伤风险。结果表明:FOV为30°时事故规避率为45%;当FOV增加到40°、50°和90°时,较FOV为30°事故规避率又分别增加了5%、10%和20%;在FOV为90°,减速度为0.8 g时,即碰时间(TTC)为1 s工况下,车辆平均碰撞速度降低最为明显,高达84%;AEB介入能降低VRUs与车辆前部撞击造成的损伤,但在头部落地损伤存在不确定性。

In order to provide a theoretical reference for the active-passive integrated safety vehicle design for Vulnerable Road Users(VRUs),which including pedestrians and two-wheelers,protection,this paper analyzed the protection effectiveness of some parameters such as the Field Of View in sensor detection(FOV),and the braking deceleration of automotive Automatic Emergency Braking(AEB)systems and the head injury risk for VRUs in accidents by using a high precision accident reproduction and some pre-crash scenario reconstruction methods.The results show that the accident avoidance rate is 45%when the FOV is 30°;The accident avoidance rate increases by 5%,10%and 20%when the FOV is 40°,50°and 90°respectively compared with the FOV of 30°;The average vehicle crash speed reduces significantly,up to 84%,for the Time To Collision(TTC)in 1 s,when the FOV reaches 90°at a deceleration of 0.8 g;There is uncertainty in the head landing damage although AEB intervention could reduce the damages caused by the impacts between VRUs and the vehicle front.