二维超声检查在乳腺良恶性结节鉴别诊断中的价值研究

Value of Two-dimensional Ultrasonography in Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Breast Nodules

目的:探讨二维超声检查在乳腺良恶性结节鉴别诊断中的价值。方法:选取2018年6月-2020年6月本院1091例乳腺结节患者。以病理检查为金标准,分析二维超声检查对良恶性结节的鉴别诊断价值。比较良恶性乳腺结节的最大血流速度、阻力指数及形态、边界、内部回声、钙化、血流信号情况。结果:病理检查检出恶性396例,良性695例;二维超声检查敏感度99.49%,特异度99.86%。二维超声检出良性结节最大血流速度为(0.15±0.03)m/s,低于恶性结节的(0.30±0.03)m/s,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二维超声检出良性结节的阻力指数为(0.47±0.01),低于恶性的(0.81±0.05),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在二维超声下,良性结节在形态规则、边界清晰、内部回声均匀、纵横比<1、后方回声增强或未改变比例均高于恶性结节,钙化、有血流信号比例均低于恶性结节,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:二维超声检查可有效鉴别乳腺良恶性结节,良性结节与恶性结节在形态、边界、内部回声、钙化、血流信号、纵横比、后方回声等方面具有明显差别,通过二维超声检查具有较高准确性,应用价值高。

Objective:To explore the value of two-dimensional ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules.Method:A total of 1091 patients with breast nodules in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were selected.The value of two-dimensional ultrasonography in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant nodules was analyzed using pathological examination as the gold standard.The maximum blood flow velocity,resistance index,morphology,boundary,internal echo,calcification and blood flow signal of benign and malignant breast nodules were compared.Result:Pathological examination showed that 396 cases were malignant and 695 cases were benign.The sensitivity rate and specificity rate of two-dimensional ultrasonography were 99.49%and 99.86%.Under two-dimensional ultrasonography,the maximum blood flow velocity of benign nodules was(0.15±0.03)m/s,which was lower than(0.30±0.03)m/s of malignant nodules,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Under two-dimensional ultrasonography,the resistance index of benign nodules was(0.47±0.01),which was lower than(0.81±0.05)of malignant nodules,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of benign nodules with regular shape,clear boundary,uniform internal echo,aspect ratio<1,enhanced or unchanged posterior echo was higher than that of malignant nodules,and the proportion of calcification and blood flow signal was lower than that of malignant nodules(P<0.05).Conclusion:Two-dimensional ultrasonography can effectively identify benign and malignant breast nodules,benign nodules and malignant nodules have significant differences in shape,boundary,internal echo,calcification,blood flow signal,aspect ratio,posterior echo,two-dimensional ultrasonography has high accuracy,which has high application value.