中国海洋交通运输业的绿色全要素生产率及其空间分异

The Green Total Factor Productivity of Marine Transportation Industry in China and Its Spatial Differentiation

为促进中国海洋交通运输业的可持续发展和区域均衡发展,文章基于相关面板数据,将非期望产出即碳排放量纳入评价指标体系,运用SBM-ML指数测算2006-2017年中国海洋交通运输业的绿色全要素生产率,进一步采用GINI系数、对数离差均值、泰尔指数和重心-标准差椭圆模型研究其空间分异。研究结果表明:中国海洋交通运输业的绿色全要素生产率保持增长态势,仍具有较大的效率改善空间;中国海洋交通运输业的绿色全要素生产率具有显著的空间非均衡性,其中中效率水平地区的区域差异更大,而高效率水平地区的区域差异变动更明显;中国海洋交通运输业的绿色全要素生产率的重心移动呈现"S-N-S"特征,具有"EN-WS"的空间格局但偏移趋势不明显。根据研究结果提出建议:重视区域协调合作,缩小生产效率差异;加快能源结构转型,提高技术创新能力;促进产业集聚发展,提升综合管理水平。

In order to promote the sustainable development and balanced regional development of marine transportation industry of China, based on relevant panel data, this paper included the unexpected output named carbon emissions into the evaluation index system, and used SBM-ML index to calculate the green total factor productivity(GTFP) of marine transportation industry of China from 2006 to 2017. The GINI coefficient, logarithmic mean deviation, Theil index and barycenter-standard deviation ellipse model were used to study its spatial differentiation. The results showed that the GTFP of marine transportation industry of China kept increasing, and there was still a large space for efficiency improvement. Meanwhile, it had a significant spatial non-equilibrium, the regional difference of middle efficiency level was larger, while the regional difference of high efficiency level was more obvious. The gravity center movement of the GTFP of marine transportation industry in China presented the characteristics of “S-N-S”, with the spatial pattern of “EN-WS”, but the deviation trend was not obvious. According to the results, some suggestions were put forward: attaching importance to regional coordination and cooperation, reducing differences in production efficiency;accelerating the transformation of energy structure, improving technological innovation capabilities;promoting the development of industrial agglomeration, and improving the level of comprehensive management.