海岸带综合管理政策的制定、执行与效果论析——基于阿尔及利亚海岸带和厄瓜多尔海岸带综合管理的个案比较研究

The Formulation, Implementation and Effect of Integrated Coastal Zone Management Policy: A Comparative Study Based on the Case of Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Algeria and Ecuador

为促进我国海岸带的可持续发展,助力海洋强国和海洋生态文明建设,文章综合运用奎德模型和琼斯模型,从问题进入政府、政府内部行动、政府处理问题和项目回到政府4个环节,比较分析阿尔及利亚和厄瓜多尔海岸带综合管理政策的制定、执行和效果,并提出可供我国借鉴的经验。研究结果表明:对于阿尔及利亚和厄瓜多尔海岸带综合管理政策的对比分析主要包括海岸带面临的问题、政策目标、法律法规和项目规划制定、执行机构建立、人力资源培育、经济资源投入以及政策效果和问题;阿尔及利亚和厄瓜多尔在人文环境和自然环境方面与我国有相似之处,其海岸带综合管理经验对我国具有参考价值,主要包括提高海岸带综合管理的公众参与度和公众海洋生态环境保护意识、注重政策项目评估、保证项目资金供给充足、合理划分政府部门的权责范围以及协调海岸带经济社会发展与生态环境保护的关系。

In order to promote the sustainable development of China′s coastal zone and contribute to the construction of marine power and marine ecological civilization, this paper comprehensively used the Quaid model and Jones model to compare and analyze the formulation, implementation and effect of the integrated coastal zone management policies in Algeria and Ecuador from the 4 links of problems entering the government, internal actions of the government, government handling problems and projects back to the government, and put forward the experience that could be used for reference in China. The results showed that the comparative analysis of the integrated coastal zone management policies of Algeria and Ecuador mainly included the problems faced by the coastal zone, policy objectives, formulation of laws and regulations and project planning, establishment of executive agencies, cultivation of human resources, input of economic resources, and policy effects and problems. Algeria and Ecuador were similar to China in terms of human environment and natural environment. Their experience in integrated coastal zone management was of reference value to China, mainly including improving public participation in integrated coastal zone management and public awareness of marine ecological environment protection, paying attention to policy project evaluation, ensuring adequate supply of project funds, and reasonably dividing the scope of rights and responsibilities of government departments and coordinate the relationship between coastal economic and social development and ecological environment protection.