E3泛素连接酶调控GA、ABA影响种子萌发综述

Review of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Regulating GA and ABA Affecting Seed Germination

赤霉素(GA)和脱落酸(ABA)在植物种子萌发过程中存在着拮抗作用,两者间平衡关系的变化是维持和打破种子休眠的主要调控机制。E3泛素连接酶在种子萌发过程中起到重要的调节作用。从E3泛素连接酶的分类、作用部位和它们在种子萌发过程中参与脱落酸和赤霉素信号转导的作用机制,以及与其他基因的互作等方面展开论述,发现E3泛素连接酶可以通过影响GA和ABA信号通路成员的蛋白质活性、定位和基因互作来精确地调控GA和ABA信号转导,从而影响种子休眠与萌发。此外,GA和ABA都存在“解除抑制”信号传导模式,因此,今后在相关研究中可以利用E3泛素连接酶解除ABA对种子萌发的抑制,提高GA对种子萌发的促进作用,达到提高出芽率,培养优质种苗的生产目的;或者在成熟种子储存过程中利用E3泛素连接酶解除GA对种子萌发的促进作用,维持ABA对种子的休眠作用,延长粮食作物等的储藏期。

Gibberellin(GA)and abscisic acid(ABA)have antagonistic effects in the process of plant seed germination,and the change in the balance relationship between GA and ABA is the main regulatory mechanism for maintaining and breaking seed dormancy.E3 ubiquitin ligases play an important role in regulation of seed germination.A review was made from the aspects of classification of E3 ubiquitin ligases,the role of the site and the mechanism of their involvement in the signal transduction of GA and ABA during seed germination,as well as the interaction with other genes.The review shows that E3 ubiquitin ligases can precisely regulate GA and ABA signal transduction to affect the seed dormancy and germination by affecting the protein activity,localization and gene interaction of the GA and ABA signaling pathway members.In addition,both GA and ABA have a“disinhibition”signal transduction mode.Therefore,E3 ligases can be used in related research to release the inhibition of ABA in seed germination and increase the promotion role of GA in seed germination to improve the germination rate for propagation of high-quality seedlings in the future.They can also be used during the storage of mature seeds to relieve the promoting effect of GA on seed germination and maintain the dormancy effect of ABA on seeds to extend the storage life of seeds of food crops.