中国现代文学史教材中鲁迅形象塑造的两个问题

On Two Problems of Lu Xun’s Image Writing in the Textbook of Chinese Modern Literature History

在各种中国现代文学史教材中,鲁迅章节虽然都是重点内容,却并没有因此使鲁迅深入人心。原因在于很多文学史依旧喜欢沿袭陈陈相因的意识形态思维,对鲁迅进行神圣化处理。其中最重要的表现:一是过滤异质声音,以“赞美修辞学”将鲁迅完美化;一是遮蔽日常温情,以战争文化思维将鲁迅战士化。面对这种置于神坛上的政治战士,读者或许尊重,或许恭谨,或许崇拜,却不一定亲近,不一定亲密,不一定亲热,甚至日益畏惧鲁迅,反感鲁迅,憎恶鲁迅。而这种现象所折射的其实是整个文学教育存在的问题。

In all kinds of textbooks on the history of modern Chinese literature,Lu Xun is one of the most important writers,but this practice has not made Lu Xun deeply popular.The reason is that these textbooks still like to adopt traditional ideological formulae of depicting Lu Xun as a divine figure.Generally speaking,there are two most important approaches:one is to reject critical views and portray Lu Xun as a perfect person by praising rhetoric,the other is to cover up daily warmth and make Lu Xun as warrior by war culture.Facing such a political warrior on a pedestal,readers may respect and adore him,but they may not be close to him and intimate with him,or even fear,dislike and detest him day by day.Furthermore,this phenomenon reflects the problems in the whole literary education.