摘要
为了探究福建古田银耳的粗多糖提取工艺及其理化性质、功能活性,以福建古田新鲜银耳制成的干料为原材料,采用热水提取法制备银耳粗多糖,利用正交试验得到最佳工艺条件。根据最佳工艺提取银耳粗多糖,通过测定基本成分,DPPH、ABTS和羟基自由基清除能力,以及对α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率,对其理化性质、抗氧化能力和降血糖、降血脂活性进行分析。结果表明:银耳粗多糖最佳提取工艺为液料比70∶1 mL/g、提取温度90℃、提取时间4 h,此条件下的粗多糖得率为19.06%;银耳粗多糖总糖含量80.56%,糖醛酸含量9.07%;粗多糖样品清除DPPH、ABTS、羟基自由基的IC_(50)分别为0.05、1.72、0.14 mg/mL;抑制α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶的IC;分别为1.09、4.15 mg/mL;银耳粗多糖体外胆固醇结合率为16.96%、胆酸钠结合率为51.41%。说明古田银耳可在一定程度上保证银耳粗多糖提取得率,同时较大程度地保留其原有的结构特性并发挥生物活性。
This study aimed to develop a new and efficient technology to extract crude polysaccharides from Tremella fuciformis with hot water and study their physicochemical properties and functional activities. Fresh Tremella fuciformis produced in Gutian, Fujian Province was selected as the raw material, crude polysaccharides were extracted by hot water extraction method. The optimum technological conditions were obtained by orthogonal test. Afterwards, physical and chemical properties, antioxidant capacity, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of these polysaccharides were analyzed through the determination of basic components, fourier infrared spectroscopy, DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity and the inhibition rate of them on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity, etc. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were: liquid material ratio 70∶ 1 mL/g, extraction temperature 90 ℃ and extraction time 4 h. Under this condition, the yield of crude polysaccharide was 19.06%. The total sugar content of Tremella fuciformis crude polysaccharide was 80.56%, the uronic acid content was 9.07%, the protein content was 0.08%, and the average molecular weight distribution was 4.86×10;Da. Tremella fuciformis crude polysaccharides were mainly composed of fucose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose and glucuronic acid, and their molar percentages were 11.20%, 1.20%, 15.00%, 15.30%, 49.50%, and 7.70% respectively. The characteristic peaks at 3 400 cm;, 2 900 cm;and 1 400 cm;wave numbers in the infrared spectrum showed acidic heterocrude polysaccharides. The IC_(50) of DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenged by crude polysaccharide samples were 0.05, 1.72, and 0.14 mg/mL, respectively. the IC;of crude polysaccharides inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase were 1.09 and 4.15 mg/mL, respectively;the cholesterol binding rate and sodium cholate binding rate of crude polysaccharides in vitro were 16.96% and 51.41%, respectively. According to the antioxidant experimental data, crude polysaccharides had certain antioxidant activity, and the inhibitory effect of crude polysaccharide on two enzymes and the binding rate with cholesterol and sodium cholate indicated that crude polysaccharides of Tremella fuciformis had certain hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects. Moreover, this method can also retain the original structural characteristics and biological characteristics of polysaccharides from Tremella fuciformis to a great extent. This study provided a theoretical foundation for the application of Tremella polysaccharides in flour products in the future.
作者
张力凡
陈洁
许飞
汪磊
易熠
ZHANG Lifan;CHEN Jie;XU Fei;WANG Lei;YI Yi(College of Food Science and Engnieering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《河南工业大学学报(自然科学版)》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第6期48-56,共9页
Journal of Henan University of Technology:Natural Science Edition
基金
河南工业大学自科创新基金支持计划(2020ZKCJ13)
河南工业大学高层次人才科研启动基金项目(2019BS022)。
关键词
古田银耳
粗多糖
热水提取工艺
抗氧化活性
降血糖活性
降血脂活性
Gutian Tremella fuciformis
crude polysaccharide
hot water extraction process
antioxidant activity
hypoglycemic activity
hypolipidemic activity