乡村振兴目标下的国土整治研究进展及关键问题

Research progress and key issues of territory consolidation under the target of rural revitalization

中国国土整治历经40年发展,在促进乡村耕地保护、解决土地资源低效利用问题、助力扶贫攻坚等方面发挥了重要作用。回顾中国国土整治事业发展历程,基于文献计量分析与文献综述方法总结相关研究进展,提出了未来国土整治研究的关键问题,得到以下结论:中国国土整治事业与研究都历经国土整治规划、专项国土整治、国土综合整治三个阶段,促进乡村振兴是当前国土整治的最重要历史任务;目前形成了以解决国土空间与资源利用问题为目标,以服务政策管理需求为导向,以土地利用研究为理论支撑,以农用地整治、农村居民点整治、国土综合整治等为主要对象并向国土空间生态修复拓展的研究体系;形成了包括业务管理部门与特色科研单位为核心的分散组团式研究群体;乡村振兴目标下的国土整治研究围绕土地整治规划选址与分区决策、土地整治项目全流程监测监管与绩效评价、农村居民点整治潜力评价、土地整治政策成效评估等现实需求以及土地整治驱动生态系统变化机制、土地资源优化配置方法、土地利用冲突协调机制等科学问题开展了大量特色研究,充分发挥地理学经世致用特点。面向未来国土综合整治研究,应重点围绕"理论框架—问题识别—规划决策—技术体系"解决关键问题,以理论研究推动中国国土整治事业发展,为促进乡村振兴目标实现做出贡献。

After nearly 40 years of development, China’s territory consolidation has played an important role in promoting rural farmland protection, solving the problem of inefficient use of land resources, and helping poverty alleviation. This article reviews the development process of China’s territory consolidation, summarizes relevant research progress based on bibliometric analysis and literature reviews, and puts forward key issues for future territory consolidation research. The following conclusions are drawn: China’s territory consolidation undertakings and research have gone through three stages including territory consolidation planning, special territory consolidation projects, and comprehensive territory consolidation. The promotion of rural revitalization is the most important historical task of current territory consolidation. At present, territory consolidation research has formed a distinctive research system with the goal of solving the problem of land space and resource utilization and guided by policy management needs. Land use research is the theoretical support of territory consolidation, with agricultural land consolidation, rural settlement consolidation, comprehensive land consolidation and landspace ecological restoration as the main objects. Territory consolidation research formed a decentralized group consisting of management departments and characteristic scientific research institutes as the core research bodies. The territory consolidation research under the rural revitalization goal focuses on land consolidation planning, project site selection,consolidation zoning decision-making, land consolidation project full-process monitoring and supervision and performance evaluation, rural settlement consolidation potential evaluation,land consolidation policy effectiveness evaluation and other management needs. Besides, much research has been carried out on scientific issues such as the mechanism of land consolidation driving ecosystem change, the optimal allocation method of land resources, and the coordination mechanism of land use conflicts, giving full play to the characteristics of geography for theory serving practice. To accelerate comprehensive land consolidation in the future, we should focus on solving key issues around "theoretical framework-problem identification-planning and decision-technical system", and use theoretical research to promote the development of China’s territory consolidation, and contribute to the realization of rural revitalization.