改善间充质干细胞移植治疗心肌梗死疗效方法的研究进展

Methods to improve the curative effects of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of myocardial infarction

间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell,MSC)来源广泛,具有易获得、易增殖、免疫原性低等独特优势,是治疗缺血性心脏病,如心肌梗死的可靠细胞来源。然而移植干细胞在梗死区缺血缺氧微环境下会出现存活率低、活性差以及细胞衰老等问题,使其临床应用受到限制。本文将近年来改善间充质干细胞移植治疗心肌梗死疗效的研究方法作一综述,总结了药物预处理、药物联合应用、基因修饰、封装干细胞以及改善衰老干细胞活力五个方面的有效方法和手段,为MSC移植治疗缺血性心脏病的基础和临床研究提供参考。

Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)has some unique advantages for treating ischemic heart diseases,such as myocardial infarction,including a wide range of organizational sources,easily isolated and incubated methods,efficient proliferation,low immunogenicity and so on.However,transplanted stem cells have low survival rate and poor cell activity and cell senescence in the ischemic and hypoxic microenvironment of the infarct area,which greatly limit the clinical application.This paper mainly reviews the advances on improving therapeutic methods of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation treating myocardial infarction.It summarizes five effective methods including MSC pretreated with drugs,MSC transplantation combinated with drugs,gene modification,encapsulation of stem cells and improvement of senescent stem cell vitality,which will provide references for the basic and clinical research of MSC transplantation treating ischemic heart diseases.