济宁市空气污染状况与急性脑血管病的相关性研究

Study on the correlation between air pollution and acute cerebrovascular diseases in Jining

目的探讨济宁市大气污染物PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、CO、NO_(2)等的时空分布特征及其对济宁市急性脑血管病发病的影响。方法回顾收集济宁市某三甲医院2017年10月1日至2019年11月30日收治的急性脑血管病患者资料,结合济宁市29个空气质量监测站点的同期大气污染物浓度数据,采用Kriging插值模型模拟分析济宁市的大气污染整体情况;并在此基础上,分析济宁市大气污染与急性脑血管病发病的关系。结果济宁市急性脑血管病男性发病率高于女性,农村地区发病率明显高于城市;空间分布上,呈现由东南到西北逐渐集聚的趋势。大气污染物PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的日均浓度冬春季高,夏秋季低;Kriging插值分析结果显示,各大气污染物浓度形成了不同程度的集聚点。济宁市急性脑血管病患者的空间分布与大气污染物浓度的空间分布吻合程度较高;Spearman相关分析表明,CO、SO_(2)、NO_(2)等大气污染物浓度与急性脑血管病发病呈现正相关性,PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)与急性脑血管病的发病关系不显著。结论CO、SO_(2)、NO_(2)等部分空气污染指标与急性脑血管病发病呈正相关性,且患发病情况存在一定的人群、地域性分布,在以后的脑血管病预防工作中,应针对特定人群的居住环境,因地制宜地做好个人防护。

Objective To explore the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of air pollutants PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_(2),CO,and NO_(2),and their effects on acute cerebrovascular diseases in Jining City.Methods The data of patients with acute cerebrovascular disease treated in a 3 A hospital in Jining from October 1,2017,to November 30,2019,were retrospectively collected.Combined with the air pollution data of 29 air quality monitoring stations in Jining City,the Kriging interpolation model was used to analyze the overall situation of air pollution in Jining.On this basis,the relationship between air pollution and acute cerebrovascular diseases in Jining City was analyzed.Results In Jining City,the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease in male was higher than that in female,and the incidence in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban areas.The spatial distribution showed a trend of gradual accumulation from southeast to northwest.The daily average concentrations of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) were higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn.The results of Kriging interpolation analysis showed that the concentrations of these air pollutants formed aggregation points in varying degrees.The spatial distribution of acute cerebrovascular disease patients in Jining City was highly consistent with the spatial distribution of air pollutant concentrations.Spearman correlation analysis showed that CO,SO_(2),and NO_(2)were positively correlated with the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease,while the correlation between PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) and the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease was not significant.Conclusion Some air pollutants such as CO,SO_(2),and NO_(2)have a positive correlation with the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease,and the prevalence has a certain population and regional distribution.In the future work of cerebrovascular disease prevention,personal protection should be done according to local conditions and living environment of specific people.