北京地区老年综合征影响因素及Barthel ADL评分与生活质量的关系

Investigation on the incidence of geriatric syndrome in Beijing area and analysis of influencing factors and its relationship with Barthel ADL score and quality of life

目的研究北京地区老年综合征(GS)的发病情况和影响因素,并分析GS与Barthel指数(Barthel ADL)评分、生活质量的关系。方法2018年6月至2018年12月对北京部分社区>65岁老年人进行社区定点或上门调查,统计GS发病情况、性别分布、年龄分布、种类分布。同时选取GS患者作为观察组,并在体检无GS人群中,采用随机抽样法选取作为对照组。比较两组一般资料、Barthel ADL评分、世界卫生组织生存质量测定表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评分,分析GS的相关影响因素及其与Barthel ADL、WHOQOL-BREF评分的相关性。结果500例社区老年人中,有≥1种GS患者占比97.00%,有≥2种GS患者占比84.80%,有≥3种GS患者占比70.20%。文化程度高(OR=0.329,95%CI:0.259~0.418)、有退休金(OR=0.727,95%CI:0.576~0.918)是发生GS的保护因素,高脂血症(OR=3.176,95%CI:2.518~4.007)、糖尿病(OR=2.473,95%CI:1.718~3.559)、冠心病(OR=2.658,95%CI:1.649~4.286)、高血压(OR=3.230,95%CI:2.008~5.197)、骨关节病(OR=4.166,95%CI:3.008~5.769)、癌症(OR=3.008,95%CI:1.894~4.778)、急性脑梗死(OR=3.420,95%CI:2.335~5.009)、急性心肌梗死(OR=2.112,95%CI:1.169~3.814)是GS的危险因素(P<0.05)。GS与Barthel ADL、WHOQOL-BREF评分评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论北京地区老年人群中GS存在较为普遍,其发生与文化程度、退休金、高脂血症、糖尿病、冠心病、高血压、骨关节病、癌症、急性脑梗死、急性心肌梗死等因素有关,加强GS早期评估与管理,有助于改善老年人日常生活能力与生活质量。

Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of geriatric syndrome(GS)in Beijing area,and to analyze the relationship between GS and Barthel Index(Barthel ADL)score and quality of life.Methods From June 2018 to December 2018,a community-based or door-to-door survey of elderly people>65 years old in some communities in Beijing was conducted.The incidence of GS and its gender distribution,age distribution,and type distribution were investigated.At the same time,GS patients were selected as the observation group,and among people with out GS in physical examination,a random sampling method was used to select the control group.The general data,Barthel ADL score,and World Health Organization Quality of Life(WHOQOL-BREF)score were compared between the two groups.The relevant influencing factors of GS and its correlation with the Barthel ADL score and WHOQOL-BREF scores were analyzed.Results Among 500 elderly people in the community investigated in the present study,97.00%of patients had≥1 types of GS,84.80%of patients had≥2 types,and 70.20%of patients had≥3 types of GS.High education level(OR=0.329,95%CI:0.259-0.418)and retirement pension(OR=0.727,95%CI:0.576-0.918)were the protective factors for the occurrence of GS.Hyperlipidemia(OR=3.176,95%CI:2.518-4.007),diabetes(OR=2.473,95%CI:1.718-3.559),coronary heart disease(OR=2.658,95%CI:1.649-4.286),hypertension(OR=3.230,95%CI:2.008-5.197),osteoarthropathy(OR=4.166,95%CI:3.008-5.769),cancer(OR=3.008,95%CI:1.894-4.778),acute cerebral infarction(OR=3.420,95%CI:2.335-5.009),and acute myocardial infarction(OR=2.112,95%CI:1.169-3.814)were the risk factors for GS(P<0.05).The Barthel ADL score and WHOQOL-BREF score of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).GS was negatively correlated with Barthel ADL and WHOQOL-BREF scores(P<0.05).Conclusion GS was common in the elderly in Beijing,and its occurrence was related to factors such as education level,retirement pension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,coronary heart disease,hypertension,osteoarthropathy,cancer,acute cerebral infarction,and acute myocardial infarction.Strengthening the early assessment and management of GS will help improve the daily life and quality of life of the elderly.