基于“双核”新框架的烟台近岸海洋环境健康综合评价

Assessment of marine environmental health of Yantai offshore based on the new “dual-core” framework

海洋生态环境健康已成为制约海洋经济发展的关键因素,科学评估近岸海洋生态环境整体的健康状况对持续利用海洋资源环境十分紧要。本研究基于新构建的以海洋生态系统自身状态为内核、以人类社会经济学指标为外核的"双核"评价框架和2008—2016年的调查资料,对烟台近岸海洋环境健康状况进行综合评估。结果表明:烟台近岸海域的内核评级以"优"、"良"为主,总体上沉积物质量最好,水体环境质量稍差,而生物群落则是决定最终评级的核心因素;外核评价方面,以海洋产业产值和海洋保护区面积计算的外核得分为0.98。烟台近海最终的"双核"评价结果为"优/良+0.98",这表明烟台近岸海域在保持高开发利用程度的情况下,目前海域生态环境健康状况仍然良好,但部分区域已经开始恶化,需在发展海洋产业的同时予以密切关注。"双核"框架的评价结果可为海洋资源开发和环境保护的管理决策提供指导,对实现海洋资源环境的可持续利用具有重要意义。

The health of marine ecological environment is a key factor restricting the development of marine economy. It is important to scientifically and systematically assess the overall ecological health of coastal marine. Based on the newly constructed “dual-core” assessment framework, which takes the state of marine ecosystem as the inner-core and the human socio-economic index as the outer-core, the health status of Yantai coastal marine environment was comprehensively assessed with the survey data from 2008 to 2016. The results showed that the inner-core elements for Yantai coastal area were mainly rated as “excellent” or “good” level. Generally, the sediment quality was the best, while water environment quality was slightly poor. The status of biological community was the core factor determining final rating. For the outer-core assessment, Yantai coastal areas scored 0.98, based on the output value of marine industrial and area of marine reserves. The final “dual-core” assessment result for Yantai offshore area was “excellent/good + 0.98”, which indicated that the healthy status of ecological environment of Yantai offshore area was still good, in spite of high degree of development and utilization, but some areas had begun to deteriorate, which needed to be paid special attention in the further developing of marine industry. Our results following the “dual core” framework could provide guidance for the management and decision-making related marine resources development and environmental protection, and is of great significance to realize sustainable utilization of marine resources and environment.