秩序冲突与统合:易地扶贫搬迁自发随迁移民治理研究--基于对云南省S区的调查

The Conflict and Integration of the Two Orders:A Study on the Governance of Spontaneous Migration Following the Poverty Alleviation Relocation--Based on the Investigation of S District in Yunnan Province

自发随迁移民是易地扶贫搬迁的一种伴生性、自发性移民现象。对云南省S区的实地调查发现,这种类型的移民主要是在迁出地“推力”和迁入地“拉力”共同作用下形成。这种自发性随迁移民秩序与现行制度秩序产生了严重冲突,不仅使自发随迁移民在政治权利、公共服务分享、社会心理等方面陷入边缘性处境,也在一定程度上造成对生态环境、土地资源保护、社会管理等制度秩序的挑战。从治理的实际需要来看,应明确问题的性质和政府责任,以针对性政策设计、务实的治理主体间合作促进自发随迁移民秩序统合于制度秩序,保障地方社会的长治久安。

Spontaneous migration is a concomitant and spontaneous migration phenomenon of poverty alleviation relocation in different places.A field survey of S District in Yunnan Province has found out that this type of migration mainly results from the joint action of the“thrust”of the place to migrate from and the“pull”of the place to be migrated into.However,this spontaneous migration order has a serious conflict with the current institutional order,which not only makes the spontaneous migration fall into a marginal situation in the aspects of political rights,public service sharing and social psychology,but also challenges the institutional order such as ecological environment,land resource protection and social management to a certain extent.From the perspective of the actual needs of problem governance,we should clarify the nature of the problem and the responsibility of the government,and promote the integration of the spontaneous migration order with the institutional order through relevant policy design and pragmatic cooperation among governance subjects so as to guarantee the long-term stability of the local society.