基于1+x证书制度的计算机类专业高职学生分层差异教学研究

Research on the Hierarchical Differential Teaching of Computer Majors in Higher Vocational Colleges Based on the 1+x Certificate System

2019年1月24日,国务院印发《国家职业教育改革实施方案》(简称“职教二十条”),指出从2019年开始,在职业院校、应用型本科高校启动“学历证书+若干职业技能等级证书”制度试点工作,为职业院校教育改革带来了新的突破口。在今年全国两会上,李克强总理在《政府工作报告》中提出,“今年高职院校大规模扩招100万人”。基于此,必须准确地把握扩招引发的职业教育大变局。这一大变局主要涵盖三个方面:生源之变、教学之变与建制之变。生源之变体现在生源由传统高中应届毕业生群体扩大到高中毕业生、退役军人、下岗失业人员、农民工和新型职业农民等多样群体,教学之变需要考虑生源特点,结合“学历证书+若干职业技能等级证书”制度,对多种的生源结构进行分层差异教学。

On January 24,2019,the State Council issued the“National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan”(referred to as the“20 Vocational Education Articles”),pointing out that starting from 2019,the“Education Certificate+”will be launched in vocational colleges and be applied in undergraduate colleges.The pilot work of the“professional skill level certificate”system has brought new breakthroughs to the educational reform of vocational colleges.At the National Two Sessions this year,Premier Li Keqiang stated in the“Government Work Report”that“a large-scale expansion of the enrollment of 1 million people in higher vocational colleges this year”.Based on this,we must accurately grasp the big changes in vocational education caused by enrollment expansion.This big change mainly covers three aspects:the change of student source,the change of teaching and the change of organizational system.The change in the source of students is reflected in the expansion of the source of students from traditional high school graduates to high school graduates,veterans,laid-off and unemployed,migrant workers,and new-type professional farmers.The changes in teaching need to consider the characteristics of the source of students,combined with"academic certificates+several“vocational skill level certificate”system providing hierarchical and differentiated teaching for a variety of student source structures.