中低品位磷矿浮选药剂研究现状与展望

Current Status and Prospects of the Research on Flotation Reagent for Medium and Low Grade Phosphorite Ore

我国磷矿资源丰富,但品位普遍较低,分选难度较大。浮选是磷矿选矿中最主要的方法,其中浮选药剂对浮选指标起着至关重要的作用。本文从捕收剂和调整剂两大方面对国内外中低品位磷矿浮选药剂进行了介绍和总结。磷矿浮选捕收剂主要包括脂肪酸类捕收剂、胺类捕收剂以及两性捕收剂。其中,捕收剂的混合使用在处理中低品位复杂型磷矿时体现出良好的选别效果,因此将会成为以后主要研究方向。调整剂主要包括介质调整剂和抑制剂,选择合适的或新型调整剂有助于进一步提升选磷效果。因此,在未来磷矿浮选药剂发展中,研发新型、高效、高选择性、耐低温、经济环保型单一捕收剂或混合捕收剂和调整剂将成为未来选磷浮选药剂的主要发展趋势。本文可为中低品位磷矿浮选药剂的研究提供参考依据。

Phosphate resources are abundant in China,however,the grade of the phosphate ore is generally lower and is difficult to separate it with gangue minerals.Flotation is widely used in the beneficiation of phosphate ore,in which the flotation reagents play a critical role.This paper systematically summarized collectors and regulators used in flotation medium and low-grade phosphate ore from domestic and foreign research papers.The collectors for phosphate ore flotation mainly include fatty acid,amine,and amphoteric collector.Among them,the blending collector shows a good separation effect in treating the complex lowgrade phosphate ore.Therefore,it will become the main research direction in the future.The regulator mainly includes pH modifier and depressant,and the selection of suitable or novel regulator is quite helpful to further improve the efficiency of phosphate ore separation.Therefore,the development of novel,high selectivity,low-temperature resistance,and economic environmental phosphate flotation reagents,i.e.,collectors and regulators,will become the main trend in the future.This paper could provide references for the study of phosphate flotation reagents.